Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
📖

Lectio Divina

philosophy religion Maturity 5-7 religion Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: religion. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

Lectio Divina is a traditional practice of scriptural reading and prayer in Western Christianity. The name is Latin for "Divine Reading."

Dürer, Albrecht - Hand Study with Bible - 1506
Dürer, Albrecht - Hand Study with Bible - 1506

This method is not used to study the Bible like a textbook. Instead, it treats Scripture as a living word. The goal is to promote communion with God. It also seeks to increase a person's knowledge of God's word. Practitioners focus on viewing the text through Christ. This is different from a theological or analytical approach. An analytical approach might dissect the historical context of a verse. In Lectio Divina, a person enters the meaning of the text.

Otto Greiner Betende Hände
Otto Greiner Betende Hände

For example, they might share in the peace described in John 14:27.

The practice follows a specific four-step mechanism. This sequence is often described as a ladder of prayer.

Chapelle Saint Bruno
Chapelle Saint Bruno

The first step is *lectio*, which is the actual reading of a Scripture passage. This is followed by *meditatio*, or meditation. In this stage, the reader reflects deeply on the meaning of the text. The third step is *oratio*, which is prayer. Here, the person responds to the Word of God through prayer. The final step is *contemplatio*, or contemplation. This is a state of quiet stillness in the presence of God. Some traditions compare these steps to eating a meal. One takes a bite, chews the food, savors the essence, and finally digests it.

Holy Spirit as Dove (detail)
Holy Spirit as Dove (detail)

History shows that the roots of this practice are very old. Origen was a thinker in the 3rd century. He viewed Scripture as a sacrament. He believed the Word, or *Logos*, was incarnate in the text. This meant the text could touch and teach the reader. Origen taught that Christ is the key to interpreting all Scripture. He believed all texts are secondary to Christ. These ideas were passed from Origen to Ambrose of Milan. Ambrose later taught these methods to Saint Augustine of Hippo. This helped introduce the practice into Western monastic traditions.

Monasticism helped develop the practice between the 6th and 12th centuries. Saint Benedict of Nursia established the practice in the 6th century. He lived by the motto *Ora et labora*, which means "Pray and work." In a Benedictine monastery, Lectio Divina was one of three daily elements. The others were liturgical prayer and manual labor. Benedict believed idleness was an enemy to the soul. Therefore, he set specific times for prayerful reading. In the early 12th century, Saint Bernard of Clairvaux re-emphasized this practice. He believed Lectio Divina was a key to nourishing Christian spirituality.

The formalization of the four-step process happened in the late 12th century. Guigo II was a Carthusian monk and the prior of Grande Chartreuse.

Chapelle Saint Bruno
Chapelle Saint Bruno

He wrote a book called *The Ladder of Monks*. This work is the first description of methodical prayer in the Western mystical tradition. Guigo II used the Latin terms *lectio*, *meditatio*, *oratio*, and *contemplatio*. In the 13th century, the Carmelite Rule of St. Albert also prescribed this practice. It required monks to ruminate on Divine Law day and night. In the 14th century, Gerard of Zutphen wrote *On Spiritual Ascents*. He taught that reading prepares the mind for meditation. He also taught that meditation prepares the mind for contemplation.

The practice continued to evolve through the 16th century. St. John of the Cross taught Guigo II's four stages to his monks in Spain. During this time, Protestant Reformers like John Calvin also advocated for it. A Puritan version was championed by the theologian Richard Baxter. In the 20th century, the practice saw a significant revival. In 1965, the Second Vatican Council issued the constitution *Dei verbum*. This document emphasized the use of Lectio Divina for the general public.

Paulaudenece1977
Paulaudenece1977

This moved the practice beyond the walls of monasteries.

Today, Lectio Divina is practiced by many people globally. It is used by many lay Catholics and various Protestants. Some people even keep a "Lectio journal" to record their thoughts. Pope Benedict XVI affirmed its importance in the 21st century. He stated that the Holy Spirit helps illumine the mind and heart. He emphasized an attitude of "reverential hearing." The practice remains a pillar of prayer in many traditions. It differs from some Eastern practices, like hesychasm. While hesychasm often uses repetitive prayers, Lectio Divina uses different passages at different times.

OCD Zelle
OCD Zelle

It remains a way to seek wisdom through the Word.

721 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (8)
File:Origen.jpg
Origen.jpg
File:Heiligenkreuz.St. Benedict.jpg
Heiligenkreuz.St. Benedict.jpg
File:Chapelle Saint Bruno.JPG
Chapelle Saint Bruno.JPG
File:Paulaudenece1977.jpg
Paulaudenece1977.jpg
File:Dürer, Albrecht - Hand Study with Bible - 1506.jpg
Dürer, Albrecht - Hand Study with Bible - 1506.jpg
File:OCD Zelle.jpg
OCD Zelle.jpg
File:Otto Greiner Betende Hände.jpg
Otto Greiner Betende Hände.jpg
File:Holy Spirit as Dove (detail).jpg
Holy Spirit as Dove (detail).jpg
More to explore

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.