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Kini Kapahu Wilson

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Kini Kapahu Wilson was a celebrated Hawaiian musician, singer, and hula dancer.

Liliuokalani's Lei Mamo Singing Girls (PP-32-8-014)
Liliuokalani's Lei Mamo Singing Girls (PP-32-8-014)

Her life spanned a period of great change for the Hawaiian Islands. She was a performer who shared her culture with the entire world. She was also a dedicated community leader and political supporter. Because of her many roles, she became a very influential figure. In 2017, Hawaiʻi Magazine recognized her as one of the most influential women in Hawaiian history.

Wilson's training in the arts began with her mother, a court dancer and chanter. She learned the foundations of hula through her mother's guidance. When she was 14, King Kalākaua invited her to join the Hui Lei Mamo. This was a troupe of hula dancers for the royal court. She was one of seven dancers in this special group. She also studied ballroom dance, singing, and the ukulele.

Liliuokalani's Lei Mamo Singing Girls (PP-32-8-014)
Liliuokalani's Lei Mamo Singing Girls (PP-32-8-014)

Later, she mastered sacred, traditional forms of dance. These included hula pahu and hula ālaʻapapa. She also claimed to have invented the tī leaf skirt used in performances.

Her early life was shaped by unique family connections. She was born in Honolulu on March 4, 1872. She was the fourteenth child of Kalaʻiolele and John C. McColgan. Her father was an Irish tailor and sugarcane plantation owner. Kini became a hānai daughter to Kapahukulaokamāmalu and Kuʻula. In Hawaiian tradition, hānai means being raised by others as their own child. Kapahukulaokamāmalu was a stranger who helped during Kini's birth. Since the couple was childless, they raised her as their daughter. This is why she was given the name Kini Kapahu.

Wilson became a world traveler through her dance career. In 1893 and 1894, she toured the United States and Europe. She performed in San Francisco and Portland, Oregon. She also appeared at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago.

Liliuokalani's Lei Mamo Singing Girls (PP-32-8-014)
Liliuokalani's Lei Mamo Singing Girls (PP-32-8-014)

Her travels continued into Europe and Russia. She performed at the Folies Bergère in Paris. She also danced for Kaiser Wilhelm II in Germany. In Russia, she performed for Tsar Nicholas II. She returned to Chicago in 1895 to perform again.

Her career included several major international expositions. In 1898, she performed at the Trans-Mississippi Exposition in Omaha. In 1901, she appeared at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo. These events allowed her to showcase Hawaiian culture to large audiences. She remained a member of various touring Hawaiian dance troupes for many years. These performances helped introduce the traditions of her home to distant lands. Her skill as a dancer and musician was recognized by many world leaders.

Wilson's life also involved significant civic engagement and leadership. She married engineer John H. Wilson on May 8, 1908. They moved to the Pelekunu Valley on the island of Molokaʻi. There, Kini farmed taro and served as a postmistress. When they returned to Honolulu in 1919, her husband was elected mayor.

Liliuokalani's Lei Mamo Singing Girls (PP-32-8-014)
Liliuokalani's Lei Mamo Singing Girls (PP-32-8-014)

Following the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment, she took an active role in politics. She organized meetings for women to discuss their new rights to vote. She supported her husband's career as mayor and as a territorial administrator.

In her later years, Wilson received high honors from the government. After Hawaii was admitted to the union in 1959, the State Legislature gave her a special title. They named her the "Honorary First Lady" of Hawaii. In December 1960, she visited ʻIolani Palace to cast an electoral vote. This was one of Hawaii's four votes for the presidential election. She lived to be 90 years old. She died on July 24, 1962, at the Queen's Hospital in Honolulu. She was buried next to her husband at Oahu Cemetery in the Nuʻuanu Valley.

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