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John Chandos

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Sir John Chandos was a prominent English knight during the 14th century.

Chandos 1430
Chandos 1430

He was born around 1320 to a family of landed gentry in Radbourne, Derbyshire. Unlike many high-ranking commanders of his era, he did not inherit a noble title. He rose to prominence through his own military skill and intellect. Chandos was a close associate of Edward, the Black Prince. In 1348, he became a founding member and the 19th Knight of the Order of the Garter. This prestigious group was one of the most important honors in England.

Chandos was widely recognized as a brilliant military strategist. The medieval historian Froissart described him as "wise and full of devices." This suggests he was a man who used clever plans to achieve goals. He is credited as the mastermind behind three major English victories in the Hundred Years' War. These include the Battle of Crécy, the Battle of Poitiers, and the Battle of Auray. His ability to plan complex movements helped shape the course of the conflict between England and France.

Throughout his career, Chandos earned several high-ranking titles and positions. In 1360, he was created a knight banneret. This rank allowed him to carry his own banner in battle. He was also named the Viscount of Saint-Sauveur in the Cotentin.

Coat of Arms of Sir John Chandos, KG
Coat of Arms of Sir John Chandos, KG

His administrative roles were equally significant. He served as the Constable of Aquitaine and the Seneschal of Poitou. He also held the position of vice-chamberlain of England. These roles required him to be both a soldier and a skilled politician.

One of his most notable achievements occurred on 29 September 1364. Chandos led the forces of Duke John de Montfort during the Battle of Auray. This victory ended the Breton War of Succession. It allowed de Montfort to become John IV, the Duke of Brittany. For this success, Chandos was rewarded with the lieutenant of France title. However, his career also saw political tension. After a disagreement with Edward III regarding taxes in the Guyennois region, he retired to his lands in Normandy.

In 1369, the political landscape changed when the French launched a successful counterattack. This forced King Edward III to recall Chandos to service. He was appointed seneschal of Poitou and settled in Poitiers to defend the province. Chandos attempted to stop French forces from gaining a foothold in the area. He planned a surprise night attack to retake the abbey of Saint-Savin. This mission led to a direct confrontation with French forces near the Vienne river.

The death of Sir John Chandos at Lussac
The death of Sir John Chandos at Lussac

The encounter took place at the bridge of Lussac. It was a cold night, and the ground was covered in frost. During the fighting, Chandos's long coat caused him to slip on the icy surface. A squire named James de Saint-Martin struck Chandos with a lance, wounding him below the eye. Chandos was carried to the English fortress at Morthemer. He died that night, either on 31 December 1369 or in the early hours of 1 January 1370. He was approximately 50 years old.

His death was a moment of shared grief for both the English and the French. The news deeply upset Edward III and the Black Prince. Even the French King, Charles V, reportedly remarked that Chandos might have found a way to establish a lasting peace. To honor him, English authorities erected a cenotaph at the site where he fell. This monument is still maintained today in a garden in Mazerolles, France. Chandos remains a significant figure in history and has even appeared in various historical novels.

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🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:Chandos 1430.jpg
Chandos 1430.jpg
File:The death of Sir John Chandos at Lussac.jpg
The death of Sir John Chandos at Lussac.jpg
File:Coat of Arms of Sir John Chandos, KG.png
Coat of Arms of Sir John Chandos, KG.png
File:Blason Jean Chandos.svg
Blason Jean Chandos.svg
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