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Hualien County

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Hualien County is a large administrative region on the east coast of Taiwan.

Txu-oclc-6557994-index-453
Txu-oclc-6557994-index-453

It holds the title of Taiwan's largest county by total land area. However, its geography makes it quite unique compared to other parts of the island. The Pacific Ocean borders the county to the east. To the west, the massive Central Mountain Range creates a high barrier.

Because the terrain is so steep, Hualien has one of the lowest population densities in the country. Most people live in the Huatung Valley. This valley runs north to south between the Central and Hai'an mountain ranges.

The physical landscape of Hualien is dominated by extreme natural features. Mountains cover approximately 87% of the total area. Rivers account for another 7% of the land. This leaves only about 7% of the county for human habitation. Most residents settle on the alluvial fans of the Huatung Valley plains. These are flat areas formed by river deposits. The climate is classified as a tropical monsoon climate. This means the region experiences warm temperatures and distinct seasonal rainfall.

Population density map of Hualien (Dec 2009)
Population density map of Hualien (Dec 2009)

The geography creates a narrow and long shape for the county.

Hualien has a complex history involving many different cultures. The Sakizaya people originally populated much of the area. In 1622, Spanish settlers arrived to search for gold. They called the region Turumoan. Later, Han Chinese settlers arrived in 1851. The name "Huilan" appeared in Qing dynasty records. It referred to the whirling waters in the delta. During the Japanese colonial period from 1895 to 1945, the area was Karenkō Prefecture.

Japanese officials chose this name because it resembled the word for lotus flowers. After World War II ended, the Republic of China took control. They established Hualien County on 9 January 1946.

Today, Hualien is a vital part of Taiwan's social and economic structure. It is one of the five main "life circle" regions in the country. This means it is a key population and activity center on the east coast. The county is also a leader in organic agriculture. As of February 2023, it has the largest organic cultivation area in Taiwan. This makes Hualien the nation's largest organic agricultural production base. The local economy also relies on heavy industry. For example, the Asia Cement Corporation in Xincheng Township produces nearly 29% of Taiwan's annual cement.

Xincheng Hualien Taiwan Asia Cement Corporation-03
Xincheng Hualien Taiwan Asia Cement Corporation-03

Energy production is another major feature of the Hualien landscape. The county houses two significant power plants in Xiulin Township. The Bihai Power Plant is a hydroelectric facility with a 61.2 MW capacity. The Hoping Power Plant is a coal-fired facility with a 1,320 MW capacity. This makes it the fourth largest coal-fired plant in Taiwan. The Hoping plant is also located near a deep water bulk cargo port.

These facilities help provide power to the broader region.

Tourism and education are essential to the county's identity. Hualien is famous for its natural beauty and landmarks. Visitors travel to see Taroko National Park and the Qingshui Cliff.

Taroko Archway (太魯閣牌樓), Xiulin Township, Hualien County (Taiwan)
Taroko Archway (太魯閣牌樓), Xiulin Township, Hualien County (Taiwan)

People also visit the Qixingtan Beach and the Taroko Gorge Temple.

Taiwan 2009 HuaLien Taroko Gorge Temple FRD 6719
Taiwan 2009 HuaLien Taroko Gorge Temple FRD 6719

The area is a major destination for marathon runners and cyclists. Education is supported by several institutions. National Dong Hwa University is a very prestigious school in the area. It features the largest library and concert hall of any local higher education institute.

國立東華大學圖書館 National Dong Hwa University Library
國立東華大學圖書館 National Dong Hwa University Library

Travelers can reach Hualien through several different methods. Air travelers use the Hualien Airport to enter the county.

HuaLien Airport
HuaLien Airport

Many people arrive by rail through the Hualien Station.

108-10-hualien01
108-10-hualien01

The railway system includes the North-Link Line and the Taiwan Railway. These connections link the east coast to the rest of the island. While the area faces challenges like flooding or train accidents, it remains a highly regarded place. In 2015, a survey rated it as the happiest place to live in Taiwan. This is due to its environmental quality and work-life balance.

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🖼️ Images & Media (17)
File:Taiwan 2009 HuaLien City Roadside Cemetery FRD 8181.jpg
Taiwan 2009 HuaLien City Roadside...
File:Txu-oclc-6557994-index-453.jpg
Txu-oclc-6557994-index-453.jpg
File:花蓮縣議會.jpg
花蓮縣議會.jpg
File:花蓮車站遠眺.jpg
花蓮車站遠眺.jpg
File:徐委員榛蔚 (第九屆).jpg
徐委員榛蔚 (第九屆).jpg
File:Population density map of Hualien (Dec 2009).svg
Population density map of Hualien (Dec 2009).svg
File:Xincheng Hualien Taiwan Asia Cement Corporation-03.jpg
Xincheng Hualien Taiwan Asia Cement...
File:國立東華大學圖書館 National Dong Hwa University Library.jpg
國立東華大學圖書館 National Dong Hwa University Library.jpg
File:Taiwan 2009 HuaLien Taroko Gorge Temple FRD 6719.jpg
Taiwan 2009 HuaLien Taroko Gorge Temple...
File:Taroko Archway (太魯閣牌樓), Xiulin Township, Hualien County (Taiwan).jpg
Taroko Archway (太魯閣牌樓), Xiulin Township,...
File:HuaLien Airport.jpg
HuaLien Airport.jpg
File:108-10-hualien01.jpg
108-10-hualien01.jpg

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