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Howl (poem)

arts Maturity 9-11 Next article →

"Howl" is a famous poem by Allen Ginsberg.

Yleisradio-hallintoneuvosto-1969
Yleisradio-hallintoneuvosto-1969

He wrote it between 1954 and 1955. It is dedicated to his friend, Carl Solomon. Ginsberg met Solomon in a mental hospital. He felt deep sympathy for his friend. The poem is a major part of the Beat Generation. This was a group of writers in America. Many people now see "Howl" as a great work of literature. It changed how people thought about poetry.

Ginsberg used a very special way to write. He used long lines based on his breath. This helped him create a unique rhythm. In Part I, he used the word "who" as a base. This word helped him keep a steady beat. He wrote about many different people in this part. He called them "the best minds" of his generation. These people included artists, jazz musicians, and poets. He wanted to show their real lives and feelings.

Part II of the poem is quite different. It describes a monster named Moloch.

Yleisradio-hallintoneuvosto-1969
Yleisradio-hallintoneuvosto-1969

Ginsberg got this idea from a strange vision. It happened on October 17, 1954. He was at a home in San Francisco. He saw a hotel in the thick fog. The building looked like a scary, monstrous face. This vision became the basis for Part II. He used the monster to talk about modern life.

In October 1955, Ginsberg performed the poem. This happened at the Six Gallery in San Francisco.

Yleisradio-hallintoneuvosto-1969
Yleisradio-hallintoneuvosto-1969

Many people in the crowd felt great wonder. They felt like a new era of poetry was starting. In 1956, Lawrence Ferlinghetti published the poem. He ran the City Lights Bookstore.

Yleisradio-hallintoneuvosto-1969
Yleisradio-hallintoneuvosto-1969

This caused a lot of trouble for him. Ferlinghetti and a manager named Shigeyoshi Murao were arrested. They were charged with selling obscene literature. A judge named Clayton W. Horn ruled in 1957 that the poem was not obscene.

"Howl" is linked to many famous writers. Ginsberg was friends with Jack Kerouac.

Yleisradio-hallintoneuvosto-1969
Yleisradio-hallintoneuvosto-1969

Some people think the title came from Kerouac. Others think it came from a song. The song was "Howlin' at the Moon." Ginsberg also studied the work of William Carlos Williams. He used new styles to find his own voice. Today, we study his poems in school. His work remains a very important part of American history.

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