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Gorontalo (city)

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Gorontalo is a major city located on the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia. It serves as the capital of the Gorontalo Province. The city covers a total area of 79.59 square kilometers. It is positioned near several important landmarks. To the south, the city meets the Tomini Gulf. The Bone Bolango Regency lies to the north and east. The Gorontalo Regency sits to the west. As the only city in its province, it acts as a vital hub. It is the primary center for politics, economy, and education. Most provincial universities are located here. This includes one of the only two public universities in the region.

Gedung Rektorat Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
Gedung Rektorat Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

The city has a complex and ancient history. It is considered one of the oldest cities on Sulawesi. Historians believe it may be approximately 400 years old. Long ago, the area was a region known as Pohala. This region belonged to the Kingdom of Gorontalo. The kingdom was made of 17 smaller groups called linula. The kingdom was a vassal to the Ternate Sultanate in the Moluccas. Islam began spreading in the 14th and 15th centuries. This process involved the ruler Sultan Amai. He married a princess from the Palase Gomonjolo Kingdom in 1525. Later, King Matolodulakiki made Islam the official religion. This era established the cultural principle of "adat basandi syara', syara' basandi kitabullah." This means traditions are based on Sharia, and Sharia is based on the Qur'an.

KITLV A414 - Radja van Gorontalo, KITLV 84995
KITLV A414 - Radja van Gorontalo, KITLV 84995

Foreign powers eventually changed the governance of the region. In 1677, the Ternate Sultanate transferred its Sulawesi possessions to the Dutch East India Company (VOC). The VOC built its first trade office near the modern city in 1705. The Dutch later strengthened their control by building Nassare Fort in 1770. After the VOC dissolved in 1799, the area became a direct Dutch possession. Administrative structures shifted many times during the colonial period. In 1824, the area merged with the Minahasan region. By 1911, the territory was divided into three sub-divisions. These were Kwandang, Boalemo, and Gorontalo. During World War II, a significant revolt occurred. Nani Wartabone led the Merah Putih movement. He declared Indonesian independence on 23 January 1942. This was three years before the formal national declaration.

Portrait of Nani Wartabone, Sulawesi Utara Bergolak, p34
Portrait of Nani Wartabone, Sulawesi Utara Bergolak, p34

After independence, the city's status continued to evolve. In 1957, Gorontalo city was separated from the Gorontalo Regency. It was granted the status of kotapraja. The city eventually became the capital of the newly formed Gorontalo Province on 5 December 2000. This change led to significant urban growth. Between 2006 and 2007, the province experienced rapid economic growth. The city's gross regional product saw a massive increase during this time. Today, the city is divided into several administrative districts, known as kecamatan. As of the 2010 census, there were six districts. Later, three more districts were created by splitting existing ones. The city now includes districts like Kota Barat, Dungingi, and Kota Timur.

Aktivitas penumpang dan pengemudi becak Gorontalo
Aktivitas penumpang dan pengemudi becak Gorontalo

The population of the city has grown steadily over the years. The 2010 census recorded 179,991 residents. By the 2020 census, the population rose to 198,539. An official estimate for mid-2023 placed the population at 205,390. This growth supports a diverse and busy economy. The largest economic sector is trade, accounting for 16.98% of the gross regional product. Construction is the second largest sector at 13.01%. The finance sector follows at 10.50%. Other sectors include mining at 5.28% and agriculture at 4.66%. In 2022, the city's economic growth was 4.1%. This was an increase from the 2.83% growth seen in 2021.

Citimall Gorontalo
Citimall Gorontalo

Agriculture and fishing also play roles in the local economy. Although smaller than trade, these sectors provide essential goods. In 2022, the city produced 225.3 tonnes of bananas and 188.5 tonnes of mango. It also produced 41.9 tonnes each of chili pepper and tomato. The city manages various livestock, including 127,018 chickens and 13,509 goats. The fishing industry is significant as well. In 2022, the sea catch totaled 17,291 tonnes. Freshwater catches reached 177.3 tonnes. To support this, the Hulonthalangi District contains specialized port facilities. These include a dedicated fishing port and a fish auction house.

Many different theories exist regarding the origin of the name "Gorontalo." One theory suggests it is a shortened version of Huluntalangio. This was the name of an ancient local kingdom. Another theory claims the name comes from Hulutalangi, meaning "more honourable." A third idea links it to Hulua lo tola, meaning "place for gabus fish to breed." Some believe it comes from Pogolatalo, which means "place to wait." A final theory suggests it is derived from a Moluccas ruler named Gorontalo from Tidore. Because of its religious history, the city is sometimes called the "Porch of Medina." This nickname reflects the deep Islamic culture of the Gorontaloan people.

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🖼️ Images & Media (5)
KITLV A414 - Radja van Gorontalo, KITLV 84995.tiff
File:Portrait of Nani Wartabone, Sulawesi Utara Bergolak, p34.jpg
Portrait of Nani Wartabone, Sulawesi...
File:Citimall Gorontalo.jpg
Citimall Gorontalo.jpg
File:Gedung Rektorat Universitas Negeri Gorontalo.jpg
Gedung Rektorat Universitas Negeri Gorontalo.jpg
File:Aktivitas penumpang dan pengemudi becak Gorontalo.jpg
Aktivitas penumpang dan pengemudi becak...
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