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George Whitefield

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George Whitefield was a prominent English Anglican priest and a central figure in the 18th-century evangelical movement.

George Whitefield preaching
George Whitefield preaching

He is widely recognized as one of the founders of Methodism. Whitefield was born in Gloucester at the Bell Inn. His parents were Thomas Whitefield and Elizabeth Edwards. Because his father died when George was two, he helped his mother manage the family inn. This early life shaped his work ethic and his later ability to connect with various social classes.

TheBellInnGloucester
TheBellInnGloucester

Whitefield's journey toward ministry involved significant personal and academic transitions. He attended Pembroke College, Oxford, starting in 1732. Because his family lacked the funds for tuition, he served as a servitor. This was the lowest rank of undergraduate at the time. As a servitor, he performed manual tasks for other students. These duties included cleaning rooms, carrying books, and helping others bathe. During this time, he joined the "Holy Club" and met John and Charles Wesley.

George Whitefield MET 122701
George Whitefield MET 122701

His religious conversion was a turning point in his life. Whitefield believed that performing good works was not enough to gain God's favor. He credited the book *The Life of God in the Soul of Man* by Henry Scougal with changing his perspective. This book helped him realize his need for the grace of Jesus Christ. Following this conversion, he was ordained as a deacon by the Bishop of Gloucester in 1736. He eventually received his Bachelor of Arts degree and was ordained as a priest.

George Whitefield by James Moore
George Whitefield by James Moore

Whitefield was a unique type of minister known as an itinerant preacher. This means he did not belong to a single parish or church building. Instead, he traveled extensively to spread his message. He often preached in open fields and public parks to reach people outside of traditional church settings. His preaching style was highly dramatic and used religious eloquence. He even used his talent for acting to re-enact Bible stories.

George Whitefield likeness
George Whitefield likeness

Some observers noted that his strabismus, or "lazy eye," made large crowds feel he was looking directly at them.

George Whitefield. Photo by Emery Walker
George Whitefield. Photo by Emery Walker

His influence reached across the Atlantic during the Great Awakening. In 1740, Whitefield traveled to British North America to lead Christian revivals. He traveled on horseback from New York City to Charleston, South Carolina. This was the longest documented journey in North America at that time. He preached at least 18,000 times during his ministry. It is estimated that he spoke to perhaps ten million listeners across the British Empire.

George Whitefield preaching
George Whitefield preaching

His use of print media, such as handbills and published journals, helped make him a celebrity.

One of Whitefield's most significant legacies was the Bethesda Orphanage. After visiting Georgia in 1738, he recognized a desperate need for a home for orphans. He began construction on the Bethesda Orphanage in 1740 on 500 acres of land. The name Bethesda means "House of Mercy." He used his preaching to raise the necessary funds for this project. While it became a well-known institution, it also faced criticism. Trustees objected to his financial management and his strict methods for controlling the children.

U Penn Statue (cropped)
U Penn Statue (cropped)

Whitefield's life also involved complex and controversial views on slavery. He was a plantation owner and held over 70 slaves, most of whom were women. He believed that slave labor was essential to fund the Bethesda Orphanage. In Georgia, he campaigned to legalize slavery, arguing it would bring prosperity to the colony. This stance put him in direct opposition to John Wesley, who denounced slavery as a great evil.

George Whitefield. Photo by Emery Walker
George Whitefield. Photo by Emery Walker

These conflicting views remain a significant part of his historical study.

Whitefield's theological views distinguished him from other leaders of his time. While he worked with the Wesleys, he embraced Calvinism. This meant he believed in the doctrine of predestination. This differed from the Arminian views held by the Wesley brothers. Despite these theological disputes, Whitefield remained a powerful force in the religious landscape. He helped shape the development of both Methodism and the evangelical tradition through his travels and his intense focus on the Gospel.

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🖼️ Images & Media (10)
File:TheBellInnGloucester.jpg
TheBellInnGloucester.jpg
File:George Whitefield likeness.jpg
George Whitefield likeness.jpg
File:George Whitefield preaching.jpg
George Whitefield preaching.jpg
File:George Whitefield MET 122701.jpg
George Whitefield MET 122701.jpg
File:U Penn Statue (cropped).jpg
U Penn Statue (cropped).jpg
File:GeorgeWhitefieldGrave.jpg
GeorgeWhitefieldGrave.jpg
File:John Wesley. Mezzotint by J. Faber, junior, 1743, after J. W Wellcome M0000736.jpg
John Wesley. Mezzotint by J. Faber,...
File:George Whitefield by James Moore.png
George Whitefield by James Moore.png
File:Dr._Squintum%27s_exaltation_or_the_reformation_LCCN93509794.jpg
Dr._Squintum%27s_exaltation_or_the_reforma...
File:George Whitefield. Photo by Emery Walker.jpg
George Whitefield. Photo by Emery Walker.jpg
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