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General Tom Thumb

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Charles Sherwood Stratton was a famous American performer. He was best known by his stage name, General Tom Thumb.

Charles Sherwood Stratton - dagurreotype circa 1848
Charles Sherwood Stratton - dagurreotype circa 1848

He was born on January 4, 1838, in Bridgeport, Connecticut. His father, Sherwood Edward Stratton, worked as a carpenter. Charles was a relatively large baby at birth. He grew normally for the first six months of his life. After that, he suddenly stopped growing. His parents noticed he had not grown at all by his first birthday. A doctor told them he would likely never reach a normal height. Today, medical science refers to this condition as pituitary dwarfism.

Stratton's career was shaped by the circus pioneer P. T. Barnum. Barnum contacted the family and began teaching the boy many skills. He taught Charles how to sing, dance, and mime. He also taught him how to impersonate famous people.

GeneralTomThumbWeddingHarpers
GeneralTomThumbWeddingHarpers

To market his act, Barnum gave him the name General Tom Thumb. This name was taken from a popular English fairy tale. At age five, Stratton began his first tour of America. His routines included playing characters like Cupid and Napoleon Bonaparte. He also used comical banter with a performer acting as a straight man.

His success grew very quickly through international travel. One year after his first American tour, Barnum took him to Europe. This tour turned Stratton into an international celebrity. He appeared before Queen Victoria during his travels. He also met the future King Edward VII, who was a three-year-old Prince of Wales at the time. In 1845, he performed in the play Le petit Poucet at the Théâtre du Vaudeville in France.

The Fairy Wedding group - From photographic negative in Brady's National Portrait Gallery, from photographic negative by Brady. LCCN2017659631
The Fairy Wedding group - From photographic negative in Brady's National Portrait Gallery, from photographic negative by Brady. LCCN2017659631

His popularity grew at an astonishing rate. Some sources say his celebrity surpassed that of any actor in his lifetime.

Stratton's performances changed the history of American entertainment. Before his debut, showing "human curiosities" was seen as dishonorable. Many people viewed such shows as unpleasing carnival attractions. However, Stratton's lively and entertaining style changed how people felt. His talent made these types of shows a favored form of theatrical entertainment. He performed in full-length fairytale melodramas, such as Hop o' My Thumb. He often played the title role in these plays. Dramatic critics began to judge him as a professional entertainer rather than just a curiosity.

In 1863, Stratton's marriage to Lavinia Warren became major news. Lavinia was also a little person.

GeneralTomThumbWeddingHarpers
GeneralTomThumbWeddingHarpers

The wedding took place at Grace Episcopal Church. The reception was held at the Metropolitan Hotel in New York City. To greet the guests, the couple stood atop a grand piano. They greeted approximately 10,000 guests during the event. George Washington Morrison Nutt served as the best man. Minnie Warren, Lavinia's sister, was the maid of honor. The couple was even received by President Lincoln at the White House.

Through his work with Barnum, Stratton became a very wealthy man. He owned a house in a fashionable part of New York. He also owned a steam yacht and a wardrobe of fine clothes. He even owned a specially adapted home on the Thimble Islands in Connecticut. Stratton was also a member of the Freemasons. He was initiated into the group on October 3, 1862. He later became a Master Mason in St. John's Lodge No. 3 in Bridgeport. He also received the Commandery degrees of Masonic Knight Templar in 1863.

Stratton's life ended following a major hotel fire in Milwaukee. In January 1883, a fire broke out at the Newhall House. This event was one of the worst hotel fires in American history. More than 71 people died in the fire. Fortunately, a manager named Sylvester Bleeker saved both Tom and Lavinia. However, six months after the fire, Stratton died unexpectedly from a stroke. He was 45 years old. More than 20,000 people attended his funeral.

Tomthumbgravemountaingrove
Tomthumbgravemountaingrove

He is buried at Mountain Grove Cemetery in Bridgeport, Connecticut. His gravestone is a life-sized statue of himself. This statue was later restored after being damaged by vandals in 1959.

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🖼️ Images & Media (5)
File:Charles Sherwood Stratton - dagurreotype circa 1848.jpg
Charles Sherwood Stratton - dagurreotype...
File:The Fairy Wedding group - From photographic negative in Brady's National Portrait Gallery, from photographic negative by Brady. LCCN2017659631.jpg
The Fairy Wedding group - From...
File:GeneralTomThumbWeddingHarpers.jpg
GeneralTomThumbWeddingHarpers.jpg
File:Tom Thumb wedding album.jpg
Tom Thumb wedding album.jpg
File:Tomthumbgravemountaingrove.JPG
Tomthumbgravemountaingrove.JPG
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