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Fox Terrier

life science Maturity 5-7 Next article →

Fox Terriers are a distinct group of dogs originating from England. They are divided into two primary breeds: the Smooth Fox Terrier and the Wire Fox Terrier.

Two Fox Terriers
Two Fox Terriers

While they share similar facial characteristics, they are distinguished by their coats and markings. Both types are mostly white with colored markings, often appearing as black and tan. These markings are a form of piebald spotting. Although they were once interbred, pure-bred lines are now kept separate. The American Kennel Club officially listed them as two separate breeds in 1985.

The Smooth Fox Terrier has a short, hard coat. This breed is characterized by a long, wedge-shaped head and small, dark eyes. They also possess v-shaped ears.

Two Fox Terriers
Two Fox Terriers

In the United Kingdom, this breed is considered a Vulnerable Native Breed. This classification applies when annual registrations fall below 300. For example, in 2010, only 155 Smooth Fox Terriers were registered. This is much lower than the 8,663 registrations for the Staffordshire Bull Terrier. The Smooth Fox Terrier has a history of success at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show. A female named Ch. Warren Remedy won Best in Show three times from 1907 to 1909.

Two Fox Terriers
Two Fox Terriers

The Wire Fox Terrier features a hard, crisp double coat. This coat has a coarse texture underneath that protects the dog from the cold. The fur is so dense that the skin cannot be seen or felt.

Foksterier szorstkowlosy kufa z przodu yy
Foksterier szorstkowlosy kufa z przodu yy

The individual hairs should twist, though they are not curly. An average Wire Fox Terrier has a body that is shorter than it is tall. This breed has been highly successful in competitions. It has won fourteen Best in Show titles at the Westminster Kennel Club.

Notable dogs like Caesar of Notts helped popularize this breed at the turn of the 20th century.

The history of these dogs involves many different influences. In 1577, John Caius described the English terrier type in his work, English Dogges. By the 18th century, terriers were typically wire-haired and black and tan. A famous white terrier named Pitch lived in 1790.

Two Fox Terriers
Two Fox Terriers

Pitch was owned by Colonel Thomas Thornton. Some writers suggest Pitch was a terrier-greyhound cross. This cross may have introduced the white color into the breed. To create the modern Fox Terrier, breeders likely used many different dogs. These included the Beagle, Old English Bulldog, English Toy Terrier, Pointer, and Dalmatian.

Specific ancestral dogs helped stabilize the modern strains. Three dogs named Old Jock, Trap, and Tartar are ancestors to most modern white terriers.

Jack Russell Terrier in Park
Jack Russell Terrier in Park

Trap was descended from the dogs of Reverend John "Jack" Russell. This lineage eventually led to the Jack Russell Terrier breed. Another important forefather was a dog named Old Tip. Early terriers were short-legged and chunky with broad skulls. They were used in hunting packs to drive foxes out of their dens. As hunting became faster, breeders gave them longer legs for speed. Eventually, they became too large for their original purpose.

Fox Terriers have also given rise to many descendant breeds across the world.

Miniature Fox Terrier
Miniature Fox Terrier

The Jack Russell Terrier is a well-known descendant from England. In Australia, the Miniature Fox Terrier was developed to hunt rabbits and rats. The American Toy Fox Terrier was created from the Smooth Fox Terrier and several toy breeds.

Toy Fox Terrier 2
Toy Fox Terrier 2

Other examples include the Brazilian Terrier from Brazil and the Japanese Terrier from Japan. The Rat Terrier in the United States also stems from these lines. Even the Ratonero Bodeguero Andaluz in Spain was created from Fox Terriers to hunt rats in wine cellars.

Understanding the health of Fox Terriers is important for owners. Both types can be susceptible to allergies. The Smooth Fox Terrier can inherit Myasthenia gravis, a neuromuscular disease. They are also prone to cataracts.

The Wire Fox Terrier may face megaesophagus, which can also cause symptoms of Myasthenia gravis. They are also predisposed to atopic dermatitis. According to a Kennel Club survey, the average lifespan is about 15 years. The median age at death was reported as 13 years and 2 months. The primary cause of death was old age, while cancer was the secondary cause.

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🖼️ Images & Media (13)
File:4 months old Wire Fox Terrier puppy.jpg
4 months old Wire Fox Terrier puppy.jpg
File:Foksterier szorstkowlosy kufa z przodu yy.jpg
Foksterier szorstkowlosy kufa z przodu yy.jpg
File:Two Fox Terriers.jpg
Two Fox Terriers.jpg
File:Two Wire Fox Terriers.jpg
Two Wire Fox Terriers.jpg
File:Brazilian Terrier.jpg
Brazilian Terrier.jpg
File:Jack Russell Terrier in Park.jpg
Jack Russell Terrier in Park.jpg
File:Japanese Terrier2.jpg
Japanese Terrier2.jpg
File:Miniature Fox Terrier.jpg
Miniature Fox Terrier.jpg
File:Bodeguero_young.jpg
Bodeguero_young.jpg
File:AmRatTerr2 wb.jpg
AmRatTerr2 wb.jpg
File:Teddyterrier.jpg
Teddyterrier.jpg
File:Scooter Tenterfield.jpg
Scooter Tenterfield.jpg

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