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Florida

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Florida is a state located in the Southeastern and South Atlantic regions of the United States.

Florida topographic map-en
Florida topographic map-en

About two-thirds of the state is a peninsula. This means it is a piece of land surrounded by water on most sides. The Gulf of Mexico lies to the west. The Atlantic Ocean borders the east coast. To the north, Florida shares borders with Alabama and Georgia. To the south, it meets the Straits of Florida.

Chiaves-la-florida-1584
Chiaves-la-florida-1584

Florida possesses the longest coastline in the contiguous United States. It is the only state that borders both the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.

The physical landscape of Florida is mostly low-lying and flat.

Florida topographic map-en
Florida topographic map-en

The climate changes based on your location within the state. Northern Florida has a subtropical climate. Southern Florida has a tropical climate. Florida is the only state in the continental United States, besides Hawaii, to have a tropical climate. The state also contains the only living coral barrier reef in the continental United States.

Fish and corals in John Pennekamp Marine Park (2351507031)
Fish and corals in John Pennekamp Marine Park (2351507031)

This system, known as the Florida Reef, is the third-largest coral barrier reef system in the world. It follows the Great Barrier Reef and the Belize Barrier Reef in size.

Florida is home to several unique ecosystems and wildlife species. Everglades National Park is the largest tropical wilderness in the United States. It is also among the largest wilderness areas in the Americas.

Red mangrove-everglades natl park
Red mangrove-everglades natl park

Many distinct animals live in these environments. You can find the American alligator and the American crocodile. Other species include the American flamingo, the roseate spoonbill, and the Florida panther.

Florida flamingos
Florida flamingos

The waters also support bottlenose dolphins and the West Indian manatee.

Manatee with calf.PD - colour corrected
Manatee with calf.PD - colour corrected

Human history in Florida began at least 14,000 years ago with Paleo-Indians.

Chiaves-la-florida-1584
Chiaves-la-florida-1584

Many Native American groups inhabited the region, such as the Apalachee, Timucua, Ais, Mayaimi, Tequesta, and Calusa. European contact began in 1513 when Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León arrived. He named the region La Florida.

Chiaves-la-florida-1584
Chiaves-la-florida-1584

Spain later incorporated the territory into the Spanish Empire. In 1565, Pedro Menéndez de Avilés established St. Augustine. This is the oldest continuously inhabited European-established settlement in the continental United States.

Castillo de San Marcos Fort Panorama 1
Castillo de San Marcos Fort Panorama 1

The control of Florida changed many times due to international conflicts. Great Britain coveted the region and briefly gained control in 1763. Spain recovered the territory in 1783 after the British lost the American Revolutionary War. Eventually, Spain ceded Florida to the United States in 1821. This happened in exchange for U.S. recognition of Spanish sovereignty in Texas. Florida was admitted as the 27th state on March 3, 1845. The state was also the site of the Seminole Wars between 1816 and 1858. These were the longest and most extensive of the American Indian Wars.

Seminole War in Everglades
Seminole War in Everglades

Today, Florida is a very populous state with over 23 million residents.

Florida population density 2020
Florida population density 2020

It is the third-most populous state in the country. The Miami metropolitan area is the largest, with 6.138 million people. This area includes Miami, Fort Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach.

Miami Freedom Tower by Tom Schaefer
Miami Freedom Tower by Tom Schaefer

Jacksonville is the state's most populous city. Other major centers include Orlando, Tampa Bay, and the capital, Tallahassee.

Florida Municipalities
Florida Municipalities

The state's economy is very large, with a gross state product of $1.647 trillion. This makes it the fourth-largest state economy in the U.S. and the fifteenth-largest in the world.

Florida's economy and culture are shaped by its environment and many waves of migration. Major economic sectors include tourism, hospitality, agriculture, real estate, and transportation. Millions of visitors come each year to see amusement parks like Walt Disney World.

Cinderella Castle
Cinderella Castle

People also visit the Kennedy Space Center and Miami Beach. The state's identity is influenced by African, European, Indigenous, Latino, and Asian cultures.

Ethnic Origins in Florida
Ethnic Origins in Florida

This diverse history has even inspired famous American writers like Ernest Hemingway and Tennessee Williams. Today, the state remains a major destination for retirees and international migrants alike.

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🖼️ Images & Media (55)
Foster - Schumann-Heink - Old Folks at...
File:Chiaves-la-florida-1584.jpg
Chiaves-la-florida-1584.jpg
File:Castillo de San Marcos Fort Panorama 1.jpg
Castillo de San Marcos Fort Panorama 1.jpg
File:West Florida Map 1767.svg
West Florida Map 1767.svg
File:Remington A cracker cowboy.jpg
Remington A cracker cowboy.jpg
File:Seminole War in Everglades.jpg
Seminole War in Everglades.jpg
File:Battle of Olustee (cropped).jpg
Battle of Olustee (cropped).jpg
File:Don CeSar Hotel- St. Petersburg Beach, Florida (8410317737).jpg
Don CeSar Hotel- St. Petersburg Beach,...
File:Rc17739 04.jpg
Rc17739 04.jpg
File:Miami Freedom Tower by Tom Schaefer.jpg
Miami Freedom Tower by Tom Schaefer.jpg
File:Cinderella Castle.jpg
Cinderella Castle.jpg
File:Pulse fence memorials.jpg
Pulse fence memorials.jpg

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