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Energy development

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Energy development is the specialized field of activities used to obtain energy from natural resources. This field focuses on extracting power for many societal needs. Humans require energy for communication, illumination, and manufacturing. We also use it for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning. Energy is essential for transportation and various agricultural or industrial purposes.

World energy consumption 2022
World energy consumption 2022

To manage these needs, we must understand how energy is categorized and harvested.

Scientists classify energy resources in two primary ways. The first method distinguishes between primary and secondary resources. A primary resource is found in its original form. Examples include wind power, solar power, wood, uranium, and fossil fuels. A secondary resource must undergo a conversion process to become useful. Electricity and hydrogen are common examples of secondary resources.

Basic Open System Model
Basic Open System Model

This conversion allows energy to be transported or used more conveniently.

Another vital classification is based on the time required to regenerate a resource. Renewable resources come from ongoing natural processes. These include wind and hydroelectric power. These sources can sustain indefinite human exploitation because they do not deplete. Non-renewable resources are significantly depleted by human use. These resources do not recover their potential during human lifetimes.

WindMills
WindMills

Because they do not replenish quickly, these sources are finite.

Fossil fuels are the most significant non-renewable resources today. They are formed from the remains of decomposed plants and animals. There are three main types: coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is also used and comes from natural gas. These fuels are part of the carbon cycle. When burned, they release solar energy that was stored long ago.

Moss Landing Power Plant p1270026
Moss Landing Power Plant p1270026

In 2024, fossil fuels met 86% of the world's energy needs. This is an increase from 81% in 2005.

Using fossil fuels involves several complex processes and consequences. We burn these hydrocarbons to create heat for space or industrial processes. This heat can also be converted into mechanical energy for vehicles. However, combustion releases various substances into the atmosphere. These include carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, soot, and heavy metals like mercury or lead. Carbon dioxide is the main contributor to recent climate change.

BarnettShaleDrilling-9323
BarnettShaleDrilling-9323

Additionally, extracting these fuels can cause environmental degradation, such as mountaintop removal for coal.

Nuclear power provides an alternative method through a process called nuclear fission. Fission occurs when the parts of a uranium atom split apart. This process generates intense heat, which is then used to produce electricity. In 2012, nuclear power provided about 5.7% of the world's energy. By 2013, there were 437 operational reactors in 31 different countries.

Doel Kerncentrale
Doel Kerncentrale

While some argue it is a safe way to reduce carbon emissions, others worry about accidents. Notable incidents include the Chernobyl disaster in 1986 and the Fukushima Daiichi disaster in 2011.

Looking toward the future, scientists are researching new ways to develop energy. One area of intense study is nuclear fusion. This is the process of creating energy through the fusion of atoms. Unlike fission, commercial fusion power production is not yet a reality. Experts project that commercial fusion may not be available before 2050.

Nellis AFB Solar panels
Nellis AFB Solar panels

We also focus on energy efficiency and conservation. Efficiency measures reduce the overall demand for new energy development. By using energy more wisely, societies can improve various environmental issues.

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🖼️ Images & Media (23)
File:World energy consumption 2022.png
World energy consumption 2022.png
File:World energy production yearly.png
World energy production yearly.png
File:Basic Open System Model.gif
Basic Open System Model.gif
File:Moss Landing Power Plant p1270026.jpg
Moss Landing Power Plant p1270026.jpg
File:BarnettShaleDrilling-9323.jpg
BarnettShaleDrilling-9323.jpg
File:Global public support for energy sources (Ipsos 2011).png
Global public support for energy sources...
File:2011- Renewable energy capacity - International Energy Agency.svg
2011- Renewable energy capacity -...
File:ThreeGorgesDam-China2009.jpg
ThreeGorgesDam-China2009.jpg
File:NesjavellirPowerPlant edit2.jpg
NesjavellirPowerPlant edit2.jpg
File:Compact-Fluorescent-Bulb.jpg
Compact-Fluorescent-Bulb.jpg
File:Pipeline-small image, seen from below.jpeg
Pipeline-small image, seen from below.jpeg
File:Two transmission towers.jpg
Two transmission towers.jpg

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