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Elizabeth Longford

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Elizabeth Longford was a highly respected English historian. Historians are scholars who research and document the past. She was particularly famous for writing biographies. A biography is a detailed book about a specific person's life. Longford focused on significant figures from the 19th century. Her work helped bring the stories of historical leaders to the public. She was a member of the Royal Society of Literature. She also served on the board of trustees for the National Portrait Gallery in London.

Elizabeth was born on 30 August 1906, in Marylebone, London. Her father, Nathaniel Bishop Harman, was an eye specialist. She received her education at Francis Holland School and Headington School. Later, she attended Lady Margaret Hall at Oxford University as an undergraduate. During her time at university, she was known for being able and articulate. She married Frank Pakenham on 3 November 1931. He later became the 7th Earl of Longford. Their marriage was described by the BBC as famously harmonious.

Longford was deeply involved in social and political life. She and her husband were both social reformers. They were also devout Roman Catholic converts. Longford had been raised in the Unitarian faith before her conversion. She also pursued a political career with the Labour Party. She made several attempts to win a seat in the House of Commons. In 1935, she contested the seat in Cheltenham. In 1950, she ran for election in Oxford but was defeated by Quintin Hogg.

Her political ambitions were shaped by her family life. In 1944, she sought selection for the Birmingham King's Norton seat. However, she felt compelled to stop her candidacy during this time. This decision came because she was experiencing her sixth pregnancy. The seat was eventually won by the Labour Party in 1945. This victory was by a margin of 12,000 votes. Longford's life balanced the demands of a large family with her public interests.

As a writer, Longford achieved great professional success. She published many significant works throughout her career. In 1964, she published a biography of Queen Victoria. This book was awarded the James Tait Black Memorial Prize. She also wrote a two-volume biography of the Duke of Wellington. These volumes were titled "Wellington: The Years of the Sword" and "Wellington: Pillar Of State." They were published in 1969 and 1972.

Longford's bibliography includes several other major historical subjects. In 1974, she published books on The Royal House of Windsor and Winston Churchill. She also wrote a biography of Lord Byron in 1976. Other works included a biography of Wilfrid Scawen Blunt in 1979. She also wrote about Jameson's Raid in 1982. Her family also had a strong literary tradition. Several of her daughters, including Antonia Fraser and Judith Kazantzis, became writers.

Elizabeth Longford came from a family with many political connections. She was the great-niece of the politician Joseph Chamberlain. She was also a first cousin once removed of British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain. Her brother, John B. Harman, was a physician. His daughter, Harriet Harman, became a Labour politician. Longford lived a long life of nearly a century. She died on 23 October 2002, at the age of 96. She passed away in Hurst Green, East Sussex.

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