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Eliška Junková

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Eliška Junková was a pioneering Czech automobile racer. She was the first woman to win a Grand Prix event. This achievement made her a significant figure in Grand Prix motor racing history. People across Europe often called her the "Queen of the Steering Wheel." She was easily identified by her racing attire. She wore a white blouse and a blue skirt. She also wore a helmet and goggles while driving.

Junková po Targa Florio
Junková po Targa Florio

Junková was known for being a highly technical driver. She did not just rely on speed. She was one of the first drivers to walk a course before a race. She studied the terrain to find the best line through corners. During her preparation, she would stop to mark posts, walls, and trees with chalk. This meticulous preparation allowed her to navigate difficult tracks with great precision. She used these landmarks to guide her driving during the actual competition.

Her racing career began through her marriage to Vincenc "Čeněk" Junek. Initially, she served as a riding mechanic for her husband. A hand injury from the war made it difficult for Čeněk to shift gears. This situation provided Eliška with the opportunity to take the wheel. She entered her first professional race in 1923. By 1924, she won her class at the Lochotín-Třemošná hillclimb. This victory made her a national celebrity almost overnight.

One of her most famous performances occurred at the 1928 Targa Florio in Sicily. This was a grueling eight-hour race on mountain roads. The circuit was 108 km long, and drivers completed five laps for a total of 540 km. Eliška drove a 2.3-litre Bugatti Type 35B. She arrived in Sicily a full month early to practice. She completed between thirty and forty laps in her car to master the course.

Junková po Targa Florio
Junková po Targa Florio

During the 1928 race, Junková showed incredible skill. She started in the second half of the grid. By the second lap, she had passed many cars and held the overall lead. However, she suffered a puncture during the final lap. This caused her to lose two vital minutes while her husband changed the tire. The stop also caused the engine to overheat and lost radiator water. Despite these mechanical setbacks, she finished fifth out of twelve finishers. She beat twenty-five other top drivers, including famous names like Tazio Nuvolari.

Junková po Targa Florio
Junková po Targa Florio

Her racing career ended due to a tragic accident at the Nürburgring. During a Grand Prix race, her husband's car hit a rock and rolled. Čeněk died from a head injury. Devastated by this loss, Eliška retired from racing and sold her vehicles. She returned to her passion for traveling. In 1929, she drove two Bugatti Type 44 cars across 6,000 km of difficult terrain to India. This was part of a promotional campaign for the company. Ettore Bugatti, the manufacturer, even hired her to find business opportunities in Asia.

Prague, Swedish embassy
Prague, Swedish embassy

In her later years, Junková lived through many political changes. From 1948 to 1964, communist authorities restricted her travel. They disapproved of her former high-flying lifestyle. However, the racing world did not forget her. She published her autobiography, "Má vzpomínka je Bugatti," in 1972. She also inspired the founding of the Czech Women's Automobile Club.

Hrob-Junková Eliška, Hřbitov Vinohrady 20
Hrob-Junková Eliška, Hřbitov Vinohrady 20

Eliška Junková lived to the age of 93. She died in Prague on 5 January 1994. Her legacy is recognized globally today. In 2016, Prague 1 granted her honorary citizenship posthumously. In 2020, Google honored her with a special doodle on her 120th birthday. She remains a symbol of tenacity and determination in the history of sport.

Hrob-Junková Eliška, Hřbitov Vinohrady 20
Hrob-Junková Eliška, Hřbitov Vinohrady 20
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File:Junková po Targa Florio.jpg
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Prague, Swedish embassy.JPG
File:Hrob-Junková Eliška, Hřbitov Vinohrady 20.jpg
Hrob-Junková Eliška, Hřbitov Vinohrady 20.jpg
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