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Efua Dorkenoo

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Efua Dorkenoo was a prominent Ghanaian-British campaigner for human rights. She dedicated her life to ending female genital mutilation, or FGM. FGM is a harmful practice involving the partial or total removal of external female genitalia. Dorkenoo worked for over 30 years to bring global attention to this issue. She helped move the topic from an unrecognized problem to a major priority for governments. Her work focused on both health and the rights of women and girls.

Her professional journey began with a strong foundation in medical science. Born in Cape Coast, Ghana, she attended Wesley Girls' High School. At age 19, she moved to London to pursue nursing studies. She eventually earned a master's degree from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. She also held a research fellowship at City University London. While training as a midwife, she witnessed the direct impact of FGM on women. This clinical experience shaped her future mission to protect women's health.

Dorkenoo utilized research and organized groups to create systemic change. In 1980, she joined the Minority Rights Group to gather data. This work resulted in one of the earliest published reports on FGM. In 1983, she founded the Foundation for Women's Health, Research and Development, known as FORWARD. This British non-governmental organization (NGO) supports survivors of FGM. It also works to eliminate the practice entirely. Her leadership helped create a structured way to support those affected.

She held several high-level positions within international health and human rights organizations. In 1995, she began working with the World Health Organization (WHO). She served as the acting director for women's health at the WHO until 2001. Later, she became the Advocacy Director for Equality Now. This international human rights organization relies on her expertise as a Senior FGM Advisor. Her ability to navigate these large institutions helped spread her message globally.

Dorkenoo was also a prolific author and a collaborator with influential figures. In 1994, she published her book, "Cutting the Rose: Female Genital Mutilation." An international jury selected this book as one of Africa's 100 Best Books of the 20th Century in 2002. She also worked with filmmaker Alice Walker on the 1993 documentary "Warrior Marks." Famous activist Gloria Steinem wrote an introduction to Dorkenoo's book. These collaborations helped bring the conversation about FGM to a wider audience.

Her lifelong dedication earned her many prestigious honors and recognitions. In 1994, she was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE). In 2000, she and Gloria Steinem shared the Equality Now international human rights award. In 2012, City University London named her an honorary senior research fellow. The BBC recognized her global impact by naming her one of their 100 Women in 2013. These awards reflect the massive scale of her influence on international policy.

Efua Dorkenoo's legacy is tied to the broader fight for global gender equality. By addressing FGM, she connected women's health to fundamental human rights. Her work helped change how international bodies view female bodily autonomy. She passed away from cancer in London on 18 October 2014, at age 65. She is survived by her husband, Freddie Green, and her children. Her efforts continue to influence how governments approach women's health today.

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