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E. H. Harriman

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Edward Henry Harriman was a powerful American financier and railroad executive.

Edward Henry Harriman, railroad magnate, and wife, three-quarter-length portrait taken outdoors
Edward Henry Harriman, railroad magnate, and wife, three-quarter-length portrait taken outdoors

Born on February 20, 1848, in Hempstead, New York, he came from a family with strong business roots. His great-grandfather, William Harriman, had moved from England in 1795 to become a successful trader. Edward's father, Orlando Harriman Sr., was an Episcopal clergyman. As a young boy, Edward worked at the Greenwood Iron Furnace near what is now Harriman State Park. He left school at age 14 to work as an errand boy on Wall Street. By age 22, he had become a member of the New York Stock Exchange.

Harriman became known for his ability to rebuild failing companies. In 1881, at age 33, he acquired the broken-down Lake Ontario Southern Railroad. He renamed it the Sodus Bay & Southern and reorganized its operations. He then sold the company for a large profit. This success established his reputation as a rebuilder of bankrupt railroads. He applied these skills to much larger systems throughout his career. By 1897, he became a director of the Union Pacific Railroad. By 1903, he was the president of that company. He also served as president of the Southern Pacific Railroad from 1901 to 1909.

His influence over the American railroad system was immense. At the time of his death in 1909, he controlled several major companies. These included the Union Pacific and the Southern Pacific. He also controlled the Saint Joseph and Grand Island, the Illinois Central, and the Central of Georgia. Additionally, he managed the Pacific Mail Steamship Company and the Wells Fargo Express Company. He held a vision of a unified railroad system connecting these lines. One project he championed was the Dumbarton Rail Bridge.

Dumbarton Cutoff (1910-09-25 San Francisco Call)
Dumbarton Cutoff (1910-09-25 San Francisco Call)

The first passenger train crossed this bridge in 1910.

Harriman also supported scientific discovery and exploration. In 1899, he sponsored and joined a scientific expedition to the Alaska coastline. He traveled aboard the luxuriously refitted steamer SS George W. Elder. The mission aimed to catalog the flora and fauna of the region. Many prominent scientists and naturalists participated in this expedition.

Edward H Harriman bust
Edward H Harriman bust

One naturalist, John Muir, joined the trip. Muir later wrote that Harriman was a man to admire. This expedition helped document the natural world in Alaska. It even led to the naming of the Harriman Glacier in the Chugach National Forest.

Beyond business, Harriman had diverse personal interests. After a two-month visit to Japan in 1905, he became interested in ju-jitsu. He brought a troupe of six Japanese wrestlers back to America. This group included famous judokas Tsunejiro Tomita and Mitsuyo Maeda. They performed an exhibition for 600 spectators at Columbia University in February 1905. He also enjoyed managing his large estate, Arden, in the Ramapo Highlands. He purchased the property in 1885 for $52,500. He eventually connected many nearby parcels of land with bridle paths.

His wealth and legacy left a lasting impact on many institutions. At his death, his estate was valued between $150 million and $200 million. He left his entire fortune to his wife, Mary Williamson Averell. In 1910, his widow donated land to create Harriman State Park in New York. This estate was later named a National Historic Landmark in 1966. He also founded the Tompkins Square Boys' Club in New York City. He wanted to provide a place for boys to learn better manners.

Will you walk into my parlor - U. Keppler 1907
Will you walk into my parlor - U. Keppler 1907

Even his taxes helped others, as his widow paid $798,546 in inheritance taxes to Utah. This money helped fund the construction of Utah's capitol building.

Today, the name Harriman appears in many different fields. It is used in geography, such as the Harriman Glacier in Alaska. It is used in business, through the publisher Harriman House. The Union Pacific Harriman Dispatch Center in Nebraska is also named for him. His life has even entered popular culture. He is mentioned in the song "The Yama Yama Man." He is also a character or inspiration in various video games. These include the Railroad Tycoon series and Red Dead Redemption 2.

Edward H Harriman bust
Edward H Harriman bust

His life connects the worlds of finance, transportation, and science.

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File:Will you walk into my parlor - U. Keppler 1907.jpg
Will you walk into my parlor - U. Keppler 1907.jpg
File:Dumbarton Cutoff (1910-09-25 San Francisco Call).png
Dumbarton Cutoff (1910-09-25 San...
Edward Henry Harriman, railroad magnate,...
File:Edward H Harriman bust.jpg
Edward H Harriman bust.jpg
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