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Disney Renaissance

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The Disney Renaissance was a transformative era for Walt Disney Feature Animation. This period lasted from 1989 to 1999. During these ten years, the studio produced a series of commercially and critically successful animated films. These movies were often musical adaptations of well-known stories. They successfully brought the traditions of musical theater to the big screen. This era helped the studio regain its status as a leader in the animation industry.

Oldanimationbuilding
Oldanimationbuilding

The process of creating these films involved significant technological and creative shifts. One major development was the Computer Animation Production System, known as CAPS. The film The Rescuers Down Under (1990) was the first to be produced entirely using this new system. Most other traditionally animated films during the Renaissance used CAPS to create smooth visuals. The studio also began integrating computer-generated imagery, or CGI, into their work. For example, The Great Mouse Detective (1986) used a two-minute climax featuring CGI. This early use of computer animation helped prepare the studio for the decade of success that followed.

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1400flowerstreet

Several distinct films defined this period through their unique styles and achievements. The era began with the massive success of The Little Mermaid (1989). This film used a Broadway-style musical approach with songs by Howard Ashman and Alan Menken. Next came Beauty and the Beast (1991), which made history as the first animated film nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture. Other major titles included Aladdin (1992) and The Lion King (1994). The Lion King remains the highest-grossing traditionally animated film in history. Other notable films in this sequence were Pocahontas (1995), The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996), Hercules (1997), Mulan (1998), and Tarzan (1999).

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1400airway

Before the Renaissance, the animation department faced many challenges. After the deaths of Walt and Roy O. Disney, the studio's creative leadership changed. Most films released in the two decades after 1971 did not perform as well as earlier works. In 1981, animator Don Bluth left to start a rival studio. This move caused a six-month delay for the production of The Fox and the Hound. Furthermore, the box office failure of The Black Cauldron in 1985 put the department in jeopardy. To survive, the company underwent major organizational changes. New leaders like CEO Michael Eisner and Roy E. Disney helped steer the studio toward a new direction.

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622610circle7drive

The era was fueled by intense competition and global influences. Disney faced strong competition from Don Bluth's productions, such as An American Tail. The studio also felt the influence of Japanese animation, specifically the works of Hayao Miyazaki from Studio Ghibli. Miyazaki's film Castle of Cagliostro (1979) even influenced the climax of The Great Mouse Detective. Leading animator Glen Keane has credited Miyazaki's work as a huge influence on Disney's films. This mix of competition and international inspiration helped push the studio to innovate. By 1988, Disney had moved back into first place for box-office receipts.

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622610circle7drive

The financial and critical success of these films was immense. Beauty and the Beast was the first animated film to earn $100 million at the US box office. This success also led to profitable merchandising campaigns. The films also earned many prestigious awards. For instance, The Little Mermaid won two Academy Awards for its music. Aladdin and The Lion King also won Academy Awards for Best Original Song and Best Original Score. These numbers show how much the studio's fortunes improved during the decade.

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622610circle7drive

The success of the Renaissance allowed Disney to change its physical home. For ten years, the animation department worked in temporary locations in Glendale. They used various hangars, warehouses, and trailers in the Grand Central Business Centre. Because the films were so profitable, the studio could afford a permanent home again. On December 16, 1994, the Roy E. Disney Animation Building opened in Burbank. This new building was designed by Robert A. M. Stern. It covered 240,000 square feet and sat across from the main Disney lot.

RoyE.DisneyAnimationBuilding
RoyE.DisneyAnimationBuilding
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