Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
🎨

Charlotte Charke

arts Maturity 11-13 death dying Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: death_dying. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

Charlotte Charke was a multifaceted English actress, playwright, novelist, and autobiographer.

William Jones-Damon&Phillida
William Jones-Damon&Phillida

Born on January 13, 1713, in London, she was the youngest of twelve children. Her father was the famous poet laureate and actor Colley Cibber. Her mother, Katherine Shore, was also a musician and actress. Charke lived a life defined by her pursuit of independence and her rejection of traditional gender roles. She is remembered for her many adventures and her resilience in the face of poverty.

Charke's early education was quite diverse for a young woman in the 18th century. Between 1719 and 1721, she attended Mrs. Draper's School for Girls in Westminster. There, she studied the liberal arts, Latin, Italian, and geography. She also trained in dance under the instructor Mr. Grosconet. While many women of her time focused on embroidery, Charke preferred science and languages. She also taught herself traditionally male skills like shooting, gardening, and horse racing. At age thirteen, she even attempted to establish herself as a doctor.

Her professional acting career began at the age of seventeen at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. Her debut in 1730 was in a very feminine role in the play *The Provok'd Wife*. However, Charke soon became famous for performing travesty roles. These are roles where a woman plays a male character on stage. She performed as Tragedo in *Othello* and Roderigo in other productions. Eventually, her interest in male roles extended beyond the stage. From 1741, she often wore male clothing in her daily life and performed under the name Charles Brown.

Charke's career faced significant obstacles due to political and personal conflicts. After a dispute with the leadership at Drury Lane, she was fired from the company. She later created her own company at Lincoln's Inn Fields. In 1735, she wrote and performed her first play, *The Art of Management*. This play was a direct attack on the theater's management. Later, she joined Henry Fielding's company at the Haymarket Theatre. There, she played Lord Place, a character that satirized her own father. These political plays contributed to the passage of the Licensing Act 1737. This law required all plays to pass official censors and closed many non-patent theaters.

To bypass government censorship, Charke turned to puppet theater. In 1738, she received a license to run Punch's Theatre at St. James's. She used a cast of wooden marionettes, which are figures moved by strings. These puppets allowed her to perform satirical plays about politicians and actors. Because the performers were dolls rather than humans, the shows fell outside strict censorship laws. Although her puppet shows were popular, she eventually lost the theater due to high medical bills and debt. This began a long period of financial instability for Charke and her daughter, Catherine.

Throughout her life, Charke held many different jobs to survive. She worked as a valet, a sausage maker, and even a pastry chef. She attempted to run several businesses, including a tavern and a grocery store. She also worked as a farmer and a strolling player traveling through the West Country. Despite these many failures, she eventually found success as a writer. She worked as a novelist and a memoirist to support herself. Her writings provided a way for her to continue her career as an intellectual and an artist.

Charke's life connects to the broader social and legal history of 18th-century England. Her struggles with debt and employment reflect the strict laws governing theaters and gender. Her use of cross-dressing and male pseudonyms shows her unique relationship with identity. She lived through a time of intense political satire and legal reform. Charke died in London in April 1760 at the age of forty-seven. She left behind a legacy as a woman who was remarkable for her adventures and her many misfortunes.

643 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (1)
File:William Jones-Damon&Phillida.jpg
William Jones-Damon&Phillida.jpg
More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.