A branch grows from a tree stem. 
A branch grows from another stem. 

A branch is a stem that grows from another stem. 
Branches come in many shapes and sizes. Most branches grow up and out at an angle. Some grow straight up or sideways. Large branches are called boughs. Small branches are called twigs. 
A fork is where a trunk splits into two parts. You might also see a crotch. This is another name for a split. If you cut a branch off, it is a stick. 
A branch is a stem that grows off another stem. 
Branches grow in many different ways. Most branches grow at an upward angle. Some grow straight up or even sideways. 

People have used many words for branches for a long time. In Old English, people used words like bough or twig. Some words meant something was blooming or growing. The Latin words for branch are ramus or bracchium. You can see these roots in modern science words. For example, a cladogram is a diagram that shows how living things are related. It looks like a branched pattern. 
There are many specific names for parts of a tree. A small sprig is often another name for a twig. Some branches have special names based on the tree. Willow branches are sometimes called osiers or withes. An oak tree can have an oak branch or an oaken branch. 
Nature follows interesting rules with its shapes. Branches are a great example of fractal patterns. A fractal is a shape that repeats itself. Leonardo da Vinci noticed something special about them too. He found that the areas of branches follow a rule. This is called the da Vinci branching rule. It helps us see how math and nature work together. 
In the field of botany, a branch is formally known as a ramus. A branch is defined as a stem that grows from another stem. This concept is not limited only to the large structures of trees. Branches also appear within the internal structures of leaves. In these cases, veins divide into smaller and smaller veins to distribute resources.
Woody branches follow specific growth patterns and structures. Large branches that grow directly from the main trunk are called boughs. Some people also use the terms limbs or arms as synonyms for boughs. When a trunk splits into two or more boughs, the area is called a crotch or a fork. 

Branches exhibit incredible variety in their physical shapes and sizes. This diversity exists because there are so many different species of trees. While some branches grow horizontally or vertically, most grow at an upwardly diagonal angle. 

Human language has used many different words for branches throughout history. In Old English, people used several terms like bough or twig. Some of these words were descriptive of how the plant grew. For instance, some terms meant something was "blooming" or "offspringing." The Latin words for branch are ramus or bracchium. These Latin roots are still used in scientific language today. The suffix "-ode" appears in words like cladode, which refers to flattened leaf-like branches. The term "cladogram" describes a branched diagram used to show how different organisms are related.
Mathematical principles are also visible in the way branches grow. Branches are natural examples of fractal patterns. A fractal is a complex pattern that often repeats itself at different scales. Furthermore, branches follow specific geometric rules regarding their size. Leonardo da Vinci observed that the cross-sectional areas of branches follow a specific pattern. This is known as the da Vinci branching rule. It shows how math and biology work together in the natural world.
Once a branch is removed from its source, its name changes based on its use. Most commonly, a removed branch is called a stick. If a stick is used for a specific purpose, such as walking, it may be called a rod. There are also many names for thin and flexible sticks. These include switches, wands, shrags, or vimina. The singular form of vimina is vimen. 
Language also creates specific connections between branches and the trees they belong to. Some plants have natural pairings in English. For example, people often use the phrase "sprig of mistletoe." Similarly, the branches of a cherry tree are usually called a "cherry branch." Other plants do not have this strict naming habit. An acacia or an orange does not always use this specific phrasing. Oak trees show great versatility in how they are described. You might hear an "oak branch," an "oaken branch," a "branch of oak," or a "branch of an oak tree."
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