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Bikram Choudhury

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Bikram Choudhury is an Indian-American yoga guru who founded a specific style known as Bikram Yoga. This practice is a form of hot yoga that utilizes a fixed series of 26 postures, or asanas. These movements are performed in a heated environment designed to mimic the climate of India. Choudhury became a highly successful businessman, expanding his influence across the United States and the Western world. His methods gained massive popularity through a variety of celebrity pupils and a large network of trained instructors.

The mechanism of Bikram Yoga involves a specific sequence of movements practiced in high temperatures. Choudhury developed this 26-posture series by selecting from over 500 different poses and variations. These original sequences were created by his teacher, Bishnu Charan Ghosh. The practice takes approximately ninety minutes to complete. By combining these specific asanas, Choudhury created a signature series that distinguishes his brand from other yoga traditions.

Bikram Yoga - with Bikram Choudhury - Flickr - tiarescott
Bikram Yoga - with Bikram Choudhury - Flickr - tiarescott

Choudhury's history and the origins of his claims have been subjects of significant scrutiny. He was born in 1944 in Calcutta, British India. He claimed to have studied yoga under Bishnu Charan Ghosh starting at age five. He also claimed to have won the National India Yoga Championship for three years in a row during his teens. However, evidence from the "30for30" podcast and the book "Calcutta Yoga" suggests these claims were false. Records indicate he actually began his training in 1962 at age 18. He completed his training on asanas in 1969 but did not finish training in Pranayama, which are breathing exercises. He also did not complete training in Bandha, or bodily locks, or Dhyāna, which is focused meditation, before Ghosh died in 1970.

In the United States, Choudhury's career saw rapid expansion and immense influence. He immigrated to the U.S. in 1971 and opened his first studio in Los Angeles. During the 1990s, he established nine-week teacher certification courses. This system trained thousands of instructors worldwide. His fame was bolstered by teaching celebrities like Madonna, Lady Gaga, and David Beckham. He also claimed to have taught American presidents including Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, and Bill Clinton. This professional power helped build a massive global business presence.

Despite his success, Choudhury faced major legal challenges regarding intellectual property. In 2009, he began making copyright claims to protect his specific series of 26 postures. He argued that no one could teach this sequence without his authorization. In 2011, he filed a lawsuit against Yoga to the People, a competing studio in New York City. This legal battle led to a significant ruling by the United States Copyright Office. The office clarified that yoga postures, or asanas, could not be copyrighted. This decision allowed other studios to continue teaching the series without permission.

Choudhury's legacy is also defined by serious civil lawsuits involving allegations of misconduct. He faced multiple suits alleging sexual assault, sexual harassment, and discrimination against racial and sexual minorities. By January 2014, five women were suing him for various forms of assault and harassment. In 2016, a jury awarded $6.8 million in a judgment related to these charges. His former lawyer, Minakshi Jafa-Bodden, also won a massive legal victory. In 2017, a court awarded her a total of $7 million. This amount included $924,500 in actual damages and $6.4 million in punitive damages. The court found that Choudhury had acted with malice, oppression, and fraud.

Bikram Yoga - with Bikram Choudhury - Flickr - tiarescott
Bikram Yoga - with Bikram Choudhury - Flickr - tiarescott

The consequences of these legal battles changed Choudhury's life and the yoga industry. In May 2016, he returned to India. He left the United States while facing pending court cases and unpaid judgments. A Los Angeles judge issued a warrant for his arrest because he fled without paying the $7 million owed to Jafa-Bodden. Even after his departure, he continued to train teachers in countries like Spain and Mexico. This caused controversy among yoga practitioners. Following the 2019 Netflix documentary "Bikram: Yogi, Guru, Predator," many studios changed their branding. They removed the name "Bikram Yoga" and instead used the term "Hot Yoga" to distance themselves from his reputation.

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