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Bacon

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Bacon is a type of salt-cured pork made from specific cuts of meat. It is often used as a breakfast side dish or a central ingredient in meals like the BLT sandwich.

Mmm... BLT for me! (5487341380)
Mmm... BLT for me! (5487341380)

People also use it as a flavoring or to wrap around other foods. This technique is known as barding or larding. It helps to insulate and flavor roast meats like venison or pheasant. While most people think of pork, other meats can be prepared to resemble bacon. These include turkey bacon, beef, lamb, or chicken. Such alternatives are common in areas with large Jewish or Muslim populations.

Turkey bacon cooking in skillet
Turkey bacon cooking in skillet

Vegetarian options like soy bacon also exist.

The process of making bacon is called curing. In the past, curing was necessary for long-term food preservation before modern refrigeration. There are two primary methods for curing meat. The first is wet curing, where meat is soaked in or injected with brine. Brine is a salty liquid that may include nitrites or nitrates. These ingredients speed up the curing and help stabilize the color.

Schweinebauch-1
Schweinebauch-1

The second method is dry curing, where salt is rubbed directly onto the meat. After curing, the bacon may be dried in cold air for weeks or months. It can also be smoked or boiled. Smoking can take up to eighteen hours depending on the desired flavor. Cooks use different woods or fuels like corn cobs or peat to change the taste.

Flickr - cyclonebill - Bacon (1)
Flickr - cyclonebill - Bacon (1)

Bacon comes in many different types based on the primal cut of the pig. Side bacon, often called "streaky bacon," comes from the pork belly. It features long, alternating layers of fat and muscle.

RawBacon
RawBacon

This is the most popular form in the United States. In contrast, back bacon comes from the loin and belly area. It is a leaner cut with less fat. This is the most common type in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

RawBacon
RawBacon

Other specialty cuts include jowl bacon, which uses the cheeks.

Bacon
Bacon

In Italy, jowl bacon is known as guanciale. It is seasoned and dry-cured but not smoked. Another Italian version is pancetta, which is side bacon rolled into cylinders. Pancetta is often used in pasta dishes like carbonara.

Different regions have developed unique traditions for bacon. In Australia and New Zealand, middle bacon is common. This cut combines the fatty side bacon with the leaner loin of back bacon. Canada is known for peameal bacon. This is an unsmoked back bacon that is wet-cured and coated in cornmeal.

In Japan, bacon is often sold precooked with a ham-like consistency. However, uncured sliced pork belly is also very popular for dishes like yakitori. In Germany, the term Speck is used. While Speck can mean bacon, it also refers to salted and smoked pork fatback. Small cubes of bacon, called Speckwürfel, are used in many German soups and salads.

Historically, the terms for these meats have changed over time. In Middle English, the word "bacon" referred to all pork in general. In the 1770s, John Harris opened the first commercial bacon processing plant in Calne, Wiltshire. Today, bacon is distinguished from ham by the specific cuts and brine used. Ham comes from the hind portion of the pig and uses more sugar in the brine. Bacon is generally less sweet, though ingredients like maple syrup are often added. Bacon is also different from salt pork. Salt pork is never smoked and contains a much higher salt content.

Bacon has seen a massive surge in popularity in recent years. In the United States, this trend is often called "bacon mania." Sales in the U.S. grew significantly, reaching nearly $4 billion in 2013.

ChocolateCoveredBaconStick
ChocolateCoveredBaconStick

This interest has led to many creative recipes. People have made bacon-wrapped scallops, bacon ice cream, and even chocolate-covered bacon. A survey by Smithfield found that 65% of Americans would support bacon as a national food. Some people view the love of bacon as a form of rebellion against modern health trends. Others see it as a cultural symbol of America.

Safety and regulation are important parts of the bacon industry. To prevent trichinosis, bacon can be treated by heating, freezing, drying, or smoking. This destroys the Trichinella parasite. In the U.S., the term "cured" is regulated by the USDA. It only applies if the meat is treated with synthetic nitrites or nitrates. If the nitrites come from natural sources like celery, the label must say "uncured." Additionally, sodium polyphosphates may be added to the meat. This makes the bacon easier to slice and reduces spattering when it is pan-fried.

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🖼️ Images & Media (12)
File:Schweinebauch-1.jpg
Schweinebauch-1.jpg
File:RawBacon.JPG
RawBacon.JPG
File:Bacon.JPG
Bacon.JPG
File:Jowl bacon.jpg
Jowl bacon.jpg
File:Flickr bokchoi-snowpea 4266923676--Roast peameal bacon.jpg
Flickr bokchoi-snowpea 4266923676--Roast...
File:Speck-1.jpg
Speck-1.jpg
File:ChocolateCoveredBaconStick.jpg
ChocolateCoveredBaconStick.jpg
File:Mmm... BLT for me! (5487341380).jpg
Mmm... BLT for me! (5487341380).jpg
File:Flickr - cyclonebill - Bacon (1).jpg
Flickr - cyclonebill - Bacon (1).jpg
File:Griebenschmalz-1.jpg
Griebenschmalz-1.jpg
File:Turkey bacon cooking in skillet.jpg
Turkey bacon cooking in skillet.jpg
File:Bacon Bits (3167271080).jpg
Bacon Bits (3167271080).jpg
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