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Avatar (computing)

technology Maturity 7-9 Next article →

An avatar is a way to show yourself in a digital space.

Orion forum post
Orion forum post

It can be a flat icon or a 3D model. In many online communities, people call them profile pictures or userpics. Some avatars are even just text in a game world. These digital bodies help you show your personality to others. You might use an image of your real face. Other times, you might pick a character that is totally different.

Example social media profile pic
Example social media profile pic

This lets you express your interests or your social status. Some people use special avatars to show they support a cause.

There are many ways these digital representations work. Some are small, square pictures near your name on a forum. These are often 80x80 or 100x100 pixels in size. Some avatars move because they are made of many images played in a loop.

Style - Wouldn't It Be Nice
Style - Wouldn't It Be Nice

Other systems let you build a character from scratch. You might pick hair, clothes, or even body shapes. In some games, your actions change how your avatar looks. For example, a character might get stronger or gain tattoos.

Prince of Persia 1 - MS-DOS - Level 1 - Sword
Prince of Persia 1 - MS-DOS - Level 1 - Sword

This makes the digital world feel very real.

The word avatar has a very old history. It comes from a Sanskrit word used in Hinduism. In that religion, it means a deity descending to Earth. Early computer games and science fiction writers began using the term. A game called Avatar was released in 1979 on the PLATO system. In 1980, the writer Norman Spinrad used it in a novel. He described people using artificial realities to share knowledge.

Second Life 11th Birthday Live Drax Files Radio Hour
Second Life 11th Birthday Live Drax Files Radio Hour

This shows how the idea moved from stories to computers.

Many people helped make avatars popular in the digital age. Richard Garriott used the term for his 1985 game, Ultima IV. He wanted players to be responsible for their digital selves. In 1992, Neal Stephenson used the word in his book Snow Crash. He wrote about a virtual world called the Metaverse. Later, America Online introduced "buddy icons" in 1996. These grew into thousands of different icons for instant messaging.

My first tweet! (3344952812)
My first tweet! (3344952812)

Yahoo was the first to call these icons "avatars."

You likely see avatars every single day. You might see them on social media sites like Facebook. You also see them in big games like World of Warcraft. Some avatars are not even real people. They are called bots, which are automated assistants.

Automated online assistant
Automated online assistant

These use smart programs to talk to you on websites. A famous example is Anna, an assistant for IKEA. These digital helpers can guide you through a site. They make interacting with technology much easier for everyone.

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🖼️ Images & Media (8)
File:Style - Wouldn't It Be Nice.png
Style - Wouldn't It Be Nice.png
File:My first tweet! (3344952812).png
My first tweet! (3344952812).png
File:President Obama facebook post on Merrick Garland to Supreme Court (cropped).jpg
President Obama facebook post on Merrick...
File:Orion forum post.jpg
Orion forum post.jpg
File:Automated online assistant.png
Automated online assistant.png
File:Prince of Persia 1 - MS-DOS - Level 1 - Sword.png
Prince of Persia 1 - MS-DOS - Level 1 - Sword.png
File:Second Life 11th Birthday Live Drax Files Radio Hour.jpg
Second Life 11th Birthday Live Drax Files...
File:Example social media profile pic.png
Example social media profile pic.png
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