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Atlas Shrugged

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*Atlas Shrugged* is a massive novel written by Ayn Rand and published in 1957.

Rand considered this book her magnum opus, or her greatest work of fiction. The story is complex because it blends mystery, romance, and science fiction.

Atlas holding up the celestial globe - Guercino (1646)
Atlas holding up the celestial globe - Guercino (1646)

More importantly, the novel serves as a massive statement of her philosophical system. This system is called Objectivism. Through the story, Rand explores ideas like reason, individualism, and property rights. She also examines laissez-faire capitalism, which is an economic system with very little government interference. The book explores the role of the human mind in existence.

The setting is a dystopian United States at an unspecified time. In this world, the country is facing an economic collapse. There are widespread shortages and many businesses are failing. The government uses heavy regulations and statist controls to manage the economy.

Jrb 20071024 NEW YORK CENTRAL SYSTEM train
Jrb 20071024 NEW YORK CENTRAL SYSTEM train

These rules make it difficult for productive people to succeed. The social customs and technology feel like the 1950s, but some industrial patterns look like the late 1800s. Other nations in the book are called "People's States," implying they are socialist or communist.

The plot follows several key characters struggling against this system. Dagny Taggart is the vice-president of Taggart Transcontinental Railroad. She works to keep her company running during a deep depression. Hank Rearden is a steel magnate who invents Rearden Metal. This is a new alloy that is both lighter and stronger than steel.

J. Robert Oppenheimer at the Guest Lodge, Oak Ridge, in 1946 4
J. Robert Oppenheimer at the Guest Lodge, Oak Ridge, in 1946 4

As the government makes harder rules, people begin to ask a mysterious question: "Who is John Galt?" This phrase is used when someone asks a question that nobody can answer. Eventually, Dagny and Hank discover that successful business leaders are disappearing on purpose.

These leaders are participating in a strike of the "men of the mind." They are leaving their companies to protest government coercion. Dagny eventually finds them in a secret, isolated valley called Galt's Gulch.

Ouray, Colorado
Ouray, Colorado

This valley is a hiding place for the strikers. The group includes many prominent people, such as the composer Richard Halley and the pirate Ragnar Danneskjöld. The leader of this movement is John Galt. The novel reaches a climax when Galt delivers a three-hour radio speech. This speech explains his philosophy and the reasons for the strike. After the government collapses, the strikers prepare to build a new capitalist society.

Ayn Rand began writing the first draft on September 2, 1946.

Writing the book was a very long and difficult process. She initially thought it would be easy, but the philosophical complexity slowed her down. By the summer of 1950, she had finished 18 chapters. By September 1951, she had reached 21 chapters. One of the hardest parts was writing Galt's long radio address. Rand spent more than two years on this single speech. She finished it on October 13, 1955. She was ready to submit the manuscript by November 1956.

To make her fictional world feel real, Rand performed extensive research. She studied the operations of the New York Central Railroad. She also toured industrial facilities like the Kaiser Steel plant.

Jrb 20071024 NEW YORK CENTRAL SYSTEM train
Jrb 20071024 NEW YORK CENTRAL SYSTEM train

Rand even interviewed the scientist J. Robert Oppenheimer. These interviews helped her develop the character Dr. Robert Stadler. She also used her research on the atomic bomb to help describe "Project X." Even the setting of Galt's Gulch was based on a real place. She based the description on the town of Ouray, Colorado, which she visited in 1951.

While the novel received many negative reviews from critics, it remains very popular. It has seen ongoing sales for many decades. The book has also influenced many conservative and libertarian thinkers and politicians. It marked a major turning point in Rand's life. It was the last piece of fiction she completed. After this, she moved from being a novelist to being a popular philosopher. The book remains a central text for understanding her ideas about the individual and the mind.

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File:Jrb 20071024 NEW YORK CENTRAL SYSTEM train.JPG
Jrb 20071024 NEW YORK CENTRAL SYSTEM train.JPG
File:Ouray, Colorado.JPG
Ouray, Colorado.JPG
File:Ayn Rand (1943 Talbot portrait).jpg
Ayn Rand (1943 Talbot portrait).jpg
File:J. Robert Oppenheimer at the Guest Lodge, Oak Ridge, in 1946 4.jpg
J. Robert Oppenheimer at the Guest Lodge,...
File:Bennett Cerf.jpg
Bennett Cerf.jpg
File:Atlas holding up the celestial globe - Guercino (1646).jpg
Atlas holding up the celestial globe -...
File:Ayn Rand (1957 Phyllis Cerf portrait).jpg
Ayn Rand (1957 Phyllis Cerf portrait).jpg
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TDTP08.JPG
File:John Aglialoro.jpg
John Aglialoro.jpg
File:Taylor Schilling at Paley Fest Orange Is The New Black.jpg
Taylor Schilling at Paley Fest Orange Is...
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