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Artie Shaw

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Artie Shaw was a prominent American musician and a master of the clarinet. He was a composer, a bandleader, and an author of fiction and non-fiction. Many experts regard him as one of the finest clarinetists in the history of jazz.

Artie Shaw Playing
Artie Shaw Playing

Shaw led some of the most popular big bands in the United States during the late 1930s and early 1940s. He was not content with just playing popular hits. He constantly sought to innovate and experiment with new musical sounds.

Shaw was a pioneer of a style later called Third Stream music. This style blended the traditions of jazz with elements of classical music. He often used unusual instrumentation to achieve this goal. For example, he frequently added string sections to his ensembles. These sections included six violins, two violas, and one cello.

Artie Shaw in Second Chorus 2
Artie Shaw in Second Chorus 2

These instruments provided a wider tonal palette. This allowed him to focus on beautiful ballads instead of only fast dance songs.

His musical career followed a pattern of constant change. Shaw often formed new bands to explore specific musical ideas. He would record a series of songs and then disband the group. This habit meant he rarely stayed with a band long enough to tour their hits. In 1940, he formed a small group called the Gramercy Five. This quintet used instruments like the harpsichord and the electric guitar. The group produced the million-selling hit "Summit Ridge Drive."

Shaw's early life shaped his musical path. He was born Arthur Jacob Arshawsky on May 23, 1910, in New York City. His parents were Jewish immigrants from Russia and Austria. As a teenager, he worked in a grocery store to afford a saxophone. At age 16, he switched to the clarinet and began touring. He spent the early 1930s working as a session musician in New York. He also worked in Cleveland as a music director and arranger.

His rise to stardom was marked by massive commercial success. In 1938, his recording of Cole Porter's "Begin the Beguine" became a defining hit. Before this, Shaw's band had been relatively obscure for over two years. After the release, he became a major pop artist almost immediately. At the height of his fame in 1940, Shaw earned up to $60,000 per week. This was significantly more than the $5,000 per week earned by stars George Burns and Gracie Allen.

Despite his wealth, Shaw often struggled with the music industry. He felt the "business" side of music was frustrating and insincere. He disliked the pressure to play the same pop tunes every night. He once walked off a bandstand during a radio broadcast in frustration. He preferred musical integrity over playing "asinine" songs from Tin Pan Alley. He even walked away from a million dollars in contracts to follow his own interests.

World War II brought a significant shift to his life. In 1942, Shaw enlisted in the United States Navy. He formed a band that toured the South Pacific to build morale for the troops.

Artie Shaw and the Rangers
Artie Shaw and the Rangers

He received news of the attack on Pearl Harbor while performing in Rhode Island. This event deeply affected him and led to his decision to join the Navy. After his service, he continued to lead bands until 1945. He eventually retired from professional music completely in 1954.

Shaw's influence can still be heard in modern music. His innovative approach to arrangement influenced many musicians. For instance, the "James Bond Theme" by Monty Norman contains a musical pattern influenced by Shaw's 1938 recording of "Nightmare." Shaw remains a symbol of musical restlessness and the desire to bridge different artistic worlds.

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File:Artie Shaw Playing.jpg
Artie Shaw Playing.jpg
File:Artie Shaw and the Rangers.jpg
Artie Shaw and the Rangers.jpg
File:Artie Shaw in Second Chorus 2.jpg
Artie Shaw in Second Chorus 2.jpg
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