Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
🎨

Arne Jacobsen

arts Maturity 11-13 death dying war conflict Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: death_dying, war_conflict. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

Arne Jacobsen was a prominent Danish architect and furniture designer.

Århus Rådhus
Århus Rådhus

He was a key figure in architectural functionalism. This style focuses on making buildings useful and efficient. Jacobsen was famous for his ability to design entire environments. He believed in the concept of Gesamtkunst, or a total work of art. This meant he designed everything within a space to work together. He did not just create buildings. He also designed the furniture, lighting, and even small items like ashtrays.

Jacobsen followed a very detailed process for his projects. He often planned every single element from the very beginning. For the SAS Royal Hotel, he designed the building itself. He also created the furniture and the fittings for the rooms. He even designed the buses used at the airport.

Lamp arne-jacobsen
Lamp arne-jacobsen

This approach ensured that every part of a project felt unified. He combined many different materials to achieve his goals. At Rødovre Town Hall, he used sandstone and two types of glass. He also used painted metalwork and stainless steel. The central staircase there is suspended from the roof by orange-red steel rods. The steps are only a few millimeters thick. They are made of stainless steel with a rubber coating for better grip.

Arne jacobsen, rødovre town hall, stairwell 1952-1956
Arne jacobsen, rødovre town hall, stairwell 1952-1956

His work can be divided into several distinct stages and types. Early in his career, he focused on ultra-modern residential and resort designs. He designed the Bellevue Sea Bath in 1932. This included lifeguard towers, kiosks, and even employee uniforms. He also created the Bellavista residential development in 1934. This project used concrete, steel, and glass with open floor planning. Later, he moved into an experimental phase with projects like the Søholm terraced houses.

Arne jacobsen, Søholm I, 1946-1950
Arne jacobsen, Søholm I, 1946-1950

Finally, he became known for massive international commissions. These included the SAS Royal Hotel and St Catherine's College in Oxford.

Catz Moat
Catz Moat

Jacobsen's journey began in Copenhagen, where he was born on February 11, 1902. His father was a wholesale trader of safety pins and fasteners. Although he first wanted to be a painter, his mother encouraged architecture. He studied at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts from 1924 to 1927. During this time, he was influenced by architects like Le Corbusier and Mies van der Rohe. In 1925, he won a silver medal for a chair design in Paris. In 1929, he won a competition for the "House of the Future." This spiral-shaped house featured a helicopter pad and a conveyor tube for mail.

His life was also shaped by the challenges of World War II. Because Jacobsen was of Jewish descent, he faced danger from Nazi racial laws. In 1943, he had to flee his office to avoid deportation. He escaped Denmark by rowing a small boat across the Øresund to Sweden. He lived in exile there for two years. During this time, his work was limited to designing wallpaper and fabrics. He returned to Denmark in 1945 to resume his career. After the war, he helped rebuild the country with many new projects.

Jacobsen is perhaps most famous today for his iconic furniture.

Arne Jacobsen - Drop, Egg and Swan
Arne Jacobsen - Drop, Egg and Swan

He worked closely with the manufacturer Fritz Hansen. In 1951, he created the Ant chair. This chair used laminated veneered plywood on chrome legs. It was designed to be light, compact, and stackable. In 1955, he released the Seven Series of chairs. He also designed the Egg and the Swan chairs for the SAS Royal Hotel. These furniture pieces were inspired by the work of Charles and Ray Eames.

Ny Carlsberg Glyptothek - Auditorium 2
Ny Carlsberg Glyptothek - Auditorium 2

His legacy remains a major part of modern design history. Many of his buildings are now protected by official listings. For example, the original buildings at St Catherine's College received a Grade I listing in 1993. Some individual parts, like a bike shed, also have high listings. His work is praised for its sense of proportion. He believed that correct proportions were what made structures beautiful. Experts say he added a "humane element" to the modern movement. This helped Scandinavian design become a vital part of the world's architectural history.

667 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (14)
File:Life guard tower, Klampenborg.jpg
Life guard tower, Klampenborg.jpg
File:Århus Rådhus.jpg
Århus Rådhus.jpg
File:Arne jacobsen, Søholm I, 1946-1950.jpg
Arne jacobsen, Søholm I, 1946-1950.jpg
File:Arne jacobsen, rødovre town hall, stairwell 1952-1956.jpg
Arne jacobsen, rødovre town hall,...
File:Catz Moat.jpg
Catz Moat.jpg
File:Arne Jacobsen - Drop, Egg and Swan.jpg
Arne Jacobsen - Drop, Egg and Swan.jpg
File:Arne Jacobsen - SAS - Köpenhamn-2000.jpg
Arne Jacobsen - SAS - Köpenhamn-2000.jpg
File:Ny Carlsberg Glyptothek - Auditorium 2.jpg
Ny Carlsberg Glyptothek - Auditorium 2.jpg
File:Arne Jacobsen - Alléhusene.jpg
Arne Jacobsen - Alléhusene.jpg
File:Stcatz sc10.JPG
Stcatz sc10.JPG
File:The Danish Embassy, London.jpg
The Danish Embassy, London.jpg
File:Castrop-Rauxel_town_hall.jpg
Castrop-Rauxel_town_hall.jpg

+ 2 more

More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.