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Adventure game

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An adventure game is a specific video game genre focused on interactive storytelling. In these games, a player assumes the role of a protagonist, or a main character. The experience is driven by two main activities: exploration and puzzle-solving. Unlike literary genres, which are defined by their subject matter, adventure games are defined by their gameplay.

The Whispered World screenshot 006
The Whispered World screenshot 006

Most adventure games are designed for a single player. This is because the heavy emphasis on character and story makes multiplayer design difficult. The goal is often to complete a specific quest or unravel a deep mystery.

To play an adventure game, a player must interact with the game world through various mechanisms. One primary method is puzzle-solving, which requires conceptual reasoning and lateral thinking. Players often encounter puzzles that require extrinsic knowledge, meaning information learned in the real world. For example, a player might use a deflated inner tube to create a slingshot by realizing the object is stretchy.

Zork photo
Zork photo

Another core mechanic is inventory management. Players collect and manipulate objects through an inventory screen. They must often remember an item for a long time before it becomes useful for a future challenge.

In many graphic adventure games, players use a point-and-click interface. This involves using a cursor to interact with the environment. Sometimes, players must perform a "pixel hunt." This is a systematic search for a very small, specific area on the screen. In some older or more difficult games, players might even have to guess the correct verb to type into a text parser.

Mystery House - Apple II render emulation - 2
Mystery House - Apple II render emulation - 2

These puzzles serve to unlock new areas and reveal more of the narrative framework.

Dialogue is another essential part of the adventure genre. Developers often use a structure called a conversation tree. In this system, a player selects a line of pre-written dialogue from a menu to speak to a non-player character. Each choice creates a different branch in the conversation.

Wikipe-tan visual novel (Ren%27Py)
Wikipe-tan visual novel (Ren%27Py)

These discussions can provide vital clues for puzzles or lead to far-reaching consequences in the story. Some games even use recorded voice acting to make these interactions feel more immersive.

The history of the genre began in the 1970s. The game Colossal Cave Adventure, released in 1976, is identified as the first adventure game.

ADVENT -- Will Crowther's original version
ADVENT -- Will Crowther's original version

Early games were text-based and used text parsers to translate commands into actions. As personal computers grew more powerful, the format evolved into graphic adventures. This included the use of pre-rendered three-dimensional scenes and full-motion video. Notable series that emerged include Zork, King's Quest, Monkey Island, Syberia, and Myst.

Myst-library and ship
Myst-library and ship

Adventure games vary significantly between Western and Asian markets. In the West, the genre's popularity peaked between the late 1980s and mid-1990s. However, it became a niche genre in the early 2000s as first-person shooters became more popular. Today, the genre is seeing a resurgence through independent developers and crowdfunding. In contrast, adventure games remain very popular in Asia, particularly in the form of visual novels. In Japan, visual novels make up nearly 70% of all PC games released.

Zork photo
Zork photo

Japanese adventure games often feature a slower pace and focus heavily on dialogue.

It is important to distinguish adventure games from other similar genres. Action games focus on combat and physical challenges, while adventure games limit or remove these elements. While a hybrid "action-adventure" game might include physical challenges, the primary activity remains different. Adventure games also lack the numeric rules, internal economies, or skill systems found in role-playing games (RPGs). Finally, they differ from pure puzzle games. While a puzzle game revolves entirely around riddles, an adventure game uses puzzles as tools to move the story and exploration forward.

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🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Zork photo.jpg
Zork photo.jpg
File:The Whispered World screenshot 006.jpg
The Whispered World screenshot 006.jpg
File:The Stanley Parable - Screenshot 03.jpg
The Stanley Parable - Screenshot 03.jpg
File:Wikipe-tan_visual_novel_(Ren%27Py).png
Wikipe-tan_visual_novel_(Ren%27Py).png
File:ADVENT -- Will Crowther's original version.png
ADVENT -- Will Crowther's original version.png
File:Mystery House - Apple II render emulation - 2.png
Mystery House - Apple II render emulation - 2.png
File:Myst-library and ship.jpg
Myst-library and ship.jpg
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