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Abidjan

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Abidjan is the largest city in Ivory Coast.

CarteSituationAbidjan
CarteSituationAbidjan

It serves as the nation's economic capital and a major cultural crossroads for West Africa. The city is highly industrialized and urbanized.

Abidjan des Lagune
Abidjan des Lagune

As of the 2021 census, its population reached 6.3 million people. This number represents 21.5 percent of the total population of Ivory Coast. Abidjan is the most populous French-speaking city in West Africa. It also ranks as the sixth most populous city in Africa.

Abidjan Centre1
Abidjan Centre1

This ranking places it behind cities like Lagos, Cairo, and Kinshasa.

Geography defines much of how the city functions.

Abidjan des Lagune
Abidjan des Lagune

Abidjan sits on the south-east coast of the country. It is located on the Ébrié Lagoon near the Gulf of Guinea. The city is divided into several distinct districts or communes. Le Plateau serves as the central business district.

Quartier d'Affaires au Plateau à Abidjan (29916932210)
Quartier d'Affaires au Plateau à Abidjan (29916932210)

Cocody is an upmarket district that houses many foreign diplomats. Adjamé is a busy area on the north shore of the lagoon.

Le marché d'adjamé
Le marché d'adjamé

To the south, Treichville and Marcory are key neighborhoods.

Abidjan Marcory
Abidjan Marcory

Further south, Port Bouët contains the international airport and the main seaport. Île Boulay is located in the middle of the lagoon.

Water management and infrastructure were vital to the city's growth.

Vridi1
Vridi1

A major turning point was the completion of the Vridi Canal in 1951. This canal is 15 meters deep. It connects the Ebrié Lagoon directly to the sea. This connection allowed Abidjan to become an important sea port.

2009 Abidjan port 3841939455
2009 Abidjan port 3841939455

Before this, the city relied on smaller wharfs. The construction of a new wharf in 1931 also spurred rapid expansion. The city's layout often follows a grid plan. This was common for many colonial-era towns. In 1931, a floating bridge connected Plateau and Treichville. This bridge stood near where the Houphouët-Boigny Bridge is today.

Abidjan's history began as a small Atchan fishing village.

Piroguiers - cleaned b&w
Piroguiers - cleaned b&w

French colonists moved to the area in 1898. They were seeking a safer location after yellow fever epidemics in Grand-Bassam. The town officially became a town in 1903. By 1934, Abidjan was designated as the third capital of Ivory Coast. It followed Grand-Bassam and Bingerville in this role. The city's importance grew because of its railroad. The rail connected the North and South regions of the colony. This made the city a primary channel for distributing products.

2014 Abidjan train 14462380563
2014 Abidjan train 14462380563

Political shifts changed the city's status over time. Abidjan remained the capital after Ivory Coast gained independence from France in 1960. However, the official political capital changed in 1983. The village of Yamoussoukro became the new political capital. Despite this change, Abidjan kept its status as the economic capital. It remains the center of economic activity for the country. Many political institutions and foreign embassies are still located here.

Asnat codivoire
Asnat codivoire

The city's skyline grew during a period of economic prosperity. This era saw the founding of new districts like Cocody. It also saw the construction of St. Paul's Cathedral.

Cathédrale Saint-Paul d’Abidjan
Cathédrale Saint-Paul d’Abidjan

This cathedral was designed by the Italian architect Aldo Spirito.

The city has also faced significant challenges and conflict.

Abidjan des Lagune
Abidjan des Lagune

Between 2002 and 2011, Abidjan experienced the effects of two civil wars. In 2004, armed conflict broke out between French forces and Ivorian forces. This led to riots and looting in several parts of the city. In 2006, a crisis occurred involving the ship Probo Koala. Disposed products caused thousands of residents to need medical attention. The 2010–2011 crisis was also very intense. It included major demonstrations in the city. The crisis ended in April 2011 when the incumbent president was captured. Since then, the intensity of postwar violence has decreased.

The climate in Abidjan is tropical wet and dry.

Vridi1
Vridi1

This means the city has distinct rainy and dry seasons. There is a long rainy season from March to July. A shorter rainy season occurs from September to December. The three dry months are January, February, and August. August is actually the coolest month of the year. This is caused by the Benguela Current in the ocean. This current also reduces rainfall during August. The city is generally very humid. The average relative humidity stays above 80 percent throughout the year. This warm, wet environment shapes the local ecology and daily life.

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🖼️ Images & Media (23)
File:Piroguiers - cleaned b&w.jpg
Piroguiers - cleaned b&w.jpg
File:CarteSituationAbidjan.svg
CarteSituationAbidjan.svg
File:Vridi1.jpg
Vridi1.jpg
File:Abidjan's plateau district view.jpg
Abidjan's plateau district view.jpg
File:Abidjan Marcory.png
Abidjan Marcory.png
File:Côte d'Ivoire - District autonome Abidjan.svg
Côte d'Ivoire - District autonome Abidjan.svg
File:Abidjan Communes.svg
Abidjan Communes.svg
File:Quartier d'Affaires au Plateau à Abidjan (29916932210).jpg
Quartier d'Affaires au Plateau à Abidjan...
File:Asnat codivoire.jpg
Asnat codivoire.jpg
File:Abidjan Centre1.JPG
Abidjan Centre1.JPG
File:Tour F en construction, Le Plateau, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.jpg
Tour F en construction, Le Plateau,...
File:Abidjan-Plateau1.JPG
Abidjan-Plateau1.JPG

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