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Aachen

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Aachen is a major city located in western Germany.

Klinikum-Aachen-from-Vaalserberg
Klinikum-Aachen-from-Vaalserberg

It is the 27th-largest city in the country. The city has about 261,000 inhabitants. It sits within the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Aachen is the westernmost major city in Germany. It borders Belgium to the southwest. It also borders the Netherlands to the northwest.

Gewässer Euregio
Gewässer Euregio

The city lies in the Meuse–Rhine Euroregion. It sits at the northern foothills of the High Fens and the Eifel Mountains.

Rurverlauf
Rurverlauf

Aachen is located on the Wurm River. This river is a tributary of the Rur. Along with Mönchengladbach, Aachen is a large German city in the Meuse drainage basin.

The city's identity is tied to its warm mineral springs.

KleineSchwimmhalle
KleineSchwimmhalle

Humans have lived here since the Neolithic era, about 5,000 years ago. The area was attractive because of these hot sulphur springs. During the Iron Age, Celtic peoples settled here. They worshipped a god of light and healing named Grannus at the springs. Around the 1st century AD, Roman pioneers arrived. The Roman 6th Legion likely channeled the hot springs into a spa at Büchel. They later added the Münstertherme spa and water pipelines.

Aachen Germany Imperial-Cathedral-01
Aachen Germany Imperial-Cathedral-01

The Roman town was called Aquae Granni. This name means "waters of Grannus."

Aachen became a political center during the Middle Ages. The town was Frankized around the 5th century. It came under Merovingian and later Carolingian rule. Charlemagne made Aachen the main royal residence of the Frankish Empire. He completed the Carolingian Palace at the transition to the 9th century. He also built a Palatine Chapel, which is now the Aachen Cathedral.

Construction d Aix-la-Chapelle
Construction d Aix-la-Chapelle

Because of Charlemagne, the city is sometimes called the "cradle of Europe." He spent most winters in Aachen between 792 and 814. The city became a focus for his court and his empire.

The city held great importance within the Holy Roman Empire. Emperor Frederick Barbarossa granted Aachen city rights in 1166. This made it an imperial city.

Aachen Germany Imperial-Cathedral-01
Aachen Germany Imperial-Cathedral-01

From 936 to 1531, Aachen served as a coronation site. During this time, 31 Holy Roman Emperors were crowned Kings of the Germans there. This tradition ended when Frankfurt became the preferred location. To protect the city, Emperor Frederick Barbarossa ordered the building of fortifying walls between 1172 and 1176. The original audience hall from Charlemagne's time was replaced by the current city hall in 1330.

Aachen BW 2016-07-09 11-56-24
Aachen BW 2016-07-09 11-56-24

Aachen was also a center for high-quality manuscript production. Under the rule of Charlemagne, important texts were made. These include the Ada Gospels and the Coronation Gospels. During the reign of Louis the Pious, many ancient texts were produced. This included legal manuscripts known as the leges scriptorium group. It also included patristic texts like the five manuscripts of the Bamberg Pliny Group. Under Lothair I, the city produced texts of outstanding quality. This era marked the end of significant manuscript production in the city.

Today, Aachen is a leading center for science and technology.

Aachen RWTH Hauptgebaeude
Aachen RWTH Hauptgebaeude

It is home to the RWTH Aachen University. This is one of Germany's leading institutes for higher education in technology. The city also hosts the Uniklinikum Aachen. This is Europe's largest single-building hospital.

Klinikum-Aachen-from-Vaalserberg
Klinikum-Aachen-from-Vaalserberg

Local industries include science, engineering, and information technology. In 2009, Aachen was ranked eighth among German cities for innovation.

Aachen Ford-Entwicklungszentrum
Aachen Ford-Entwicklungszentrum

The city's population also shows a specific age structure compared to the rest of Germany.

Cultural traditions remain very strong in Aachen. The city is one of the main centers for carnival in Germany. It shares this status with Cologne and Mainz.

Aachen Rosenmontag 2009
Aachen Rosenmontag 2009

A famous culinary specialty is Aachener Printen. This is a specific type of gingerbread. The local dialect is a Ripuarian variant of Central Franconian. It has strong Limburgish influences from the Netherlands. This mix of history and modern industry makes Aachen a unique place in Europe.

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🖼️ Images & Media (27)
File:Gewässer Euregio.svg
Gewässer Euregio.svg
File:Construction d Aix-la-Chapelle.jpg
Construction d Aix-la-Chapelle.jpg
File:Aachener Heiligtumszeigung Oelgemaelde 17Jh.jpg
Aachener Heiligtumszeigung Oelgemaelde 17Jh.jpg
File:The Siege of Aachen.png
The Siege of Aachen.png
File:Rhein-Strom 0184a Achen.jpg
Rhein-Strom 0184a Achen.jpg
File:KleineSchwimmhalle.JPG
KleineSchwimmhalle.JPG
111-adc-2447.webm
File:View of the old synagogue in Aachen after its destruction during Kristallnacht 02, refreshed.jpg
View of the old synagogue in Aachen after...
File:Klinikum-Aachen-from-Vaalserberg.JPG
Klinikum-Aachen-from-Vaalserberg.JPG
File:Rurverlauf.JPG
Rurverlauf.JPG
File:Aachen Felsen St.Adalbert.JPG
Aachen Felsen St.Adalbert.JPG
File:Age structure aachen vs germany.svg
Age structure aachen vs germany.svg

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