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Mathematics articles — Page 9

Explore the ideas and history behind numbers, shapes, patterns and mathematical thinking. Choose an article below; its reading controls let you move between the available levels.

1,419 public articles · Page 9 of 30

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Andrey Markov

Andrey loved math. He looked for patterns in words. He studied how letters work in books. This helps us see how things change. He was a very smart man. Do you like to find patterns too?

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Anna Johnson Pell Wheeler

Anna loved math. She studied numbers and patterns. She was a great teacher. She helped many students learn. Her work was very smart. Do you like math too?

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Antichain

Some things have a set order. You can put them in a line. Other things do not fit in a line. They are not in order. These things are like a group of friends. No one is ahead of the other. They all stand together. Can…

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Antiderivative

Math can help us go back in time. We can find where things started. It helps us see how things move. This helps us know where we are. It is like a math puzzle. Can you find the start?

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Antisymmetric relation

Math helps us see how things go. One way is to see if things go back and forth. Some things do not go back and forth. If you pay for a friend, they do not pay for you. It is a one way path. Can you find a one way path?

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Apothecaries' system

Doctors used special ways to weigh medicine. They needed to be very exact. They used small parts of a pound. This helped them give the right amount. It was a very old way to work. Do you like to help in the kitchen?

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Approximate measures

Sometimes we use small amounts. We use a spoon or a cup. These sizes can change. A tiny pinch is very small. A big cup holds more. It helps us cook food. Do you like to use spoons?

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Approximation

Sometimes things are not exact. We can say they are near. It is like saying it is around ten o'clock. This helps us when things are hard to count. It makes big jobs easier for us. Can you think of something that is near?

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Archytas

A man named Archytas loved numbers. He lived a long time ago. He used math to study music. He even made a bird that could fly! Math helps us learn how things work. Do you like to count things?

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Arc length

A curve is a wiggly line. We can find how long it is. Imagine a tiny ant walking on it. We measure the path the ant takes. This helps us know the size of the line. Can you find a wiggly line?

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Arithmetic function

Math can find secrets in numbers. We look at how numbers work. We can count the parts of a number. This helps us see patterns. Math is a fun puzzle. Do you like to count?

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Arithmetic mean

We use math to find a middle number. Imagine you have many snacks. You want to share them fairly. You put them all in one big pile. Then you split them into equal groups. This helps us see what is typical. Can you…

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Arithmetic progression

You can make a line of numbers. Each step is the same size. You add the same amount every time. This helps you count fast. It is like climbing stairs. Can you find a pattern like this?

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Arrow's impossibility theorem

Groups must make big choices. We try to pick one thing. Sometimes it is hard to be fair. A new rule might not work for everyone. Can we always pick the best thing?

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Arthur Moritz Schoenflies

Arthur loved shapes and patterns. He studied how things move. He also looked at how crystals grow. He was a great teacher. He helped us learn about math. Do you like shapes too?

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Artur Avila

Artur Avila loves math. He studies how things move. He found an answer to a hard puzzle. He even won a big prize. He is a great teacher. Do you like math too?

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Assignment problem

You can match things to people. It helps us pick the best way. We want to save time or work. It makes sure everyone has a job. This helps things run well. Can you find the best way to help?

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Asymptote

A line can act like a guide. It stays very close to a curve. They get closer and closer. They do not touch. This helps us see where a line goes. Can you find a line like that?

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Asymptotic analysis

Sometimes math is hard to do. We can use a guess instead. This guess gets better as numbers get big. It helps us find answers fast. It is like a smart shortcut. Do you like shortcuts?

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Atomic formula

Some ideas are very small. They are the simplest parts. You can join them to make big ideas. We use them to build more. They are like single blocks. Can you find small parts in your toys?

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Attractor

Some things like to move in a certain way. They always end up in the same spot. A marble in a bowl does this. It rolls to the bottom and stays. It finds a place to rest. Can you find things that stay still?

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August Ferdinand Möbius

A man found a new shape. It has only one side. You can trace it with your finger. It never ends. This shape is named after him. Can you find a shape with one side?

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Augustus De Morgan

Augustus was a man who loved math. He looked for patterns in numbers. He also studied how we think. His ideas help us use computers today. He was a very good teacher. Do you like to count things?

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Autocorrelation

Sometimes things repeat. A song has a beat. A pattern can hide in noise. We can look for these patterns. It helps us see what is there. Can you find a pattern?

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Axiomatic system

We use rules to solve puzzles. First, we pick some starting rules. Then, we use them to find new things. This helps us know what is true. It is like a game with rules. Do you like to follow rules?

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Axiom of extensionality

Groups of things can be the same. If two groups have the same things, they are one group. This helps us name things. It helps us sort our toys. It is a smart rule for math. Do you like to sort things?

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Axiom of infinity

Numbers go on and on. They never end. We can count one, two, and three. We can keep counting forever. This big idea helps us. It shows how numbers work. Can you count as high as you can?

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Axiom of pairing

You can put things in a group. Take two toys. You can make one set with them. This is called a pair. It helps us group things together. It is a neat way to work. Can you find a pair of socks?

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Axiom of power set

Imagine you have a small box of toys. You can pick out some toys. You can even pick out all of them. A rule says we can make a new, big group of all those choices. This helps us see every way to group things. Do you…

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Axiom of regularity

Math helps us group things. We can put things in sets. A set is like a box. A box cannot hold itself. A box also cannot hold an endless line of boxes. This rule keeps math neat. Do you like to group things?

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Axiom of union

You can group things together. Imagine many small bags of toys. You can take all the toys out. Now you have one big pile. This helps us see everything at once. It makes math work well. Can you find a big pile of things?

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Axiom schema of replacement

We can group things together. If one group is small, its new parts are small too. This helps us make many new sets. It helps us count big things. Do you like to group your toys?

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Axiom schema of specification

You can pick things out of a group. Imagine a big box of toys. You pick only the red toys. Now you have a new, small group. This helps us stay safe with math. It is a smart way to sort. Do you like to sort your toys?

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Azimuth

You can find your way with math. It helps you see which way to go. You can look for a star in the sky. You can even find North. It is like a map for your eyes. Can you find North too?

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Ball (mathematics)

A ball is a solid shape. It can be round like a ball. It can be flat like a disk. Some balls look like squares. These shapes fill up space. Do you see any balls? Can you find a round one?

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Banach–Tarski paradox

Imagine you have one ball. You can cut it into pieces. Then you move the pieces. You can make two balls! They look just like the first. It sounds like magic. Can you think of a way?

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Bar chart

We use bars to show things. Some bars are tall. Some bars are short. This helps us see how things change. It is a fun way to look at facts. Do you like to see patterns?

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Basis (linear algebra)

We use tools to find our way. We can use different tools to find the same spot. Each tool helps us name a place. This helps us see shapes and patterns. It is like using a map. Can you find your way with a map?

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Battle of the sexes (game theory)

Two people want to meet up. One likes a show. One likes a fight. They both want to be together. It is hard to pick one. They might end up alone. Can you think of a way to pick?

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Bayesian statistics

You can learn from what you know. You see something new. Then you change your mind. This helps you guess better. It is like a game. We use what we see to learn. Do you like to learn new things?

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Bellman–Ford algorithm

We want to find the best way to go. You can find the shortest path. It looks at all the ways to go. This helps you find the best way. It works even when things change. Do you like finding the best way?

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Bell number

You can group things in many ways. Imagine you have five toys. How can you split them into small groups? You can do this in many ways. Math helps us count those ways. It is like a fun puzzle. Can you find a way to…

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Bernard Bolzano

A man named Bernard loved math. He thought about numbers and shapes. He also thought about how we think. His ideas help us learn today. He was a very smart teacher. Do you like to solve puzzles?

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Bernoulli distribution

Think about a coin flip. It can land on heads or tails. It is a yes or no choice. This helps us guess what might happen. It is a fun way to learn. Can you flip a coin?

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Bernoulli family

One big family loved math. Many of them were very smart. They helped us learn about numbers. They also helped us learn about shapes. This family lived a long time ago. They helped change how we see the world. Do you…

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BEST theorem

We can follow paths. Some paths go in one way. You can walk each path once. This helps us count the ways. It is like a fun game. Can you find a path? We use math to help us.

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Beta distribution

Sometimes we guess how much of something we have. We might guess a part of a whole. It can be a part of a pie. It can be a part of a score. This helps us see what might happen. Do you like to guess?

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Bhāskara I

A man named Bhāskara lived long ago. He lived in India. He loved to study the stars. He also loved numbers. He used a small circle for zero. This helps us count today. Do you like to count?

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