L. E. J. Brouwer
Bertus was a man who loved math. He looked at shapes. He thought about how we know things. His ideas helped people learn. Math is all around us. Can you find a shape near you?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleExplore the ideas and history behind numbers, shapes, patterns and mathematical thinking. Choose an article below; its reading controls let you move between the available levels.
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Bertus was a man who loved math. He looked at shapes. He thought about how we know things. His ideas helped people learn. Math is all around us. Can you find a shape near you?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSometimes we need a small step first. This step helps us solve a big puzzle. It is like a little tool. We use it to find a big truth. It helps us learn more. Do you like solving puzzles?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSome lines look like a number eight. They look like a ribbon. We can find these shapes in math. They can be found in the sky too. It is fun to look for them. Can you see a shape like this?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleLeopold loved numbers. He studied how they work. He found many new ways to count. His ideas help us today. He was a very smart man. Do you like to count?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSometimes math puzzles are hard. We use a special rule to help. It helps us find an answer. It works when numbers get very small. This rule makes math easier for us. Can you find a puzzle to solve?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMath helps us see how things move. It can show small turns. These turns help us know big shapes. We use it to study space. It helps us learn about how things work. Can you find shapes that move?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSome things move in a smooth way. A circle can spin around and around. It does not jump or stop. This kind of smooth change is a special idea. It helps us learn about the world. Can you find things that spin?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleWe can use clues to guess things. Imagine you flip a coin. You see it land on heads. This clue helps you guess the truth. It tells us how well a guess fits. It helps us learn from what we see. Can you find clues in…
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMath helps us find the best way to group things. We can find one thing that fits with many others. It works like a special glue. This helps us see patterns. It makes sense of a lot. Can you find a pattern today?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSome things move in a loop. They go round and round. Other paths move toward the loop. They get closer and closer. This helps us see how things work. It is like a path that stays the same. Can you see a loop in your…
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMath helps us find a space. It can find the space in a shape. We pick a start and an end. These two spots show the way. It helps us see how much is inside. Do you like to find shapes?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleCurves look like straight lines. If you look very close, they do. This helps us guess a path. It helps us tell time. It is a smart way to see. Can you find a curve? Does it look straight to you?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleYou can make new things from old ones. Take some parts and add them up. You can also use more or less of each part. This helps us find new ways to build. It is like a math puzzle. Can you find a new way to build…
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMath can help us find things. It can find a shape or a path. It can show how things change. We use it to learn about the world. It is a fun way to think. Can you find math in your room?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSome things change in a steady way. They follow a set path. This helps us guess what comes next. It helps us know how things move. We can use it to learn more. Can you see things that change? It is fun to watch!
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleA line is a straight path. It can go up or down. It can also stay flat. It helps us see how things change. We use it to plan. Can you draw a straight line?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleYou can use paths to find a place. Some paths are new. Other paths just follow old ones. We call new paths independent. They help us find our way. Do you like to explore?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSometimes curves are hard to use. We can use a straight line instead. This line stays close to the curve. It helps us find an answer fast. It makes hard work much easier. Can you find a straight line?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMath can move things. It can turn or flip a shape. It can also make a shape big. It can even make a shape small. This helps us make computer games. Can you see the shapes move?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleWe can use math to find patterns. It helps us guess what happens next. It looks at how things change together. This helps us learn about the world. It is a very smart way to think. Can you find a pattern today?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleWe can make new shapes from old ones. Look at how lines meet. We can turn those lines into new dots. These dots can form their own shapes. It is like a new map. Do you see the new pattern?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleWe can follow a curvy path. We can add up things along that path. It helps us see a total amount. This helps us learn about how things move. It is very cool! Do you like curvy lines?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleLines can cross each other. They might meet at one spot. Sometimes lines stay apart and never touch. This helps us make computer games. It also helps us plan paths. Can you find two lines that cross?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSome math rules stay the same. They do not change. They do not grow big. They do not get small. This helps us find patterns. It helps us solve puzzles. Can you find a pattern?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleA long time ago, a man named Liu Hui lived in China. He loved to work with numbers. He used math to find how tall things were. He could even measure a tree or a tower. He was very smart. Can you find shapes in your room?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleA li is a way to measure distance. It is used in China. It tells us how far a place is. People use it to talk about long trips. It can be used for a long walk. Do you like to go on long walks?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleLloyd Shapley loved math. He studied how people work together. He also studied how people compete. His ideas help us understand games. He won a very big prize. Do you like to play games?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleA shape can be a path. A point moves in a special way. It follows a rule to make a line. One rule makes a circle. This helps us find shapes. Can you see the path?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleWe use special words to join ideas. We can say "and" or "or." These words help us make new thoughts. They work like tools for our minds. Do you use these words to talk?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSome things must be true. If one thing is true, another thing follows. This helps us think well. It helps us find the truth. It is like a path for our minds. Can you see the path?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleWe can guess what might happen. It helps us see if a team wins. It can help doctors too. It works with things like yes or no. It is very helpful. Can you guess what happens next?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSometimes we have big numbers to share. We can use small steps to help us. We take one part at a time. This makes the work easy. It helps us find the answer. Can you try it with a friend?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSometimes we make a mistake. We can use math to see how big a mistake is. It tells us if we are a little bit wrong. It also tells us if we are a lot wrong. This helps us do better next time. Can you try to be right?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSome animals hunt other animals. One animal is the hunter. One animal is the food. They live in a big loop. When food is many, hunters grow. When food is few, hunters go away. It is like a dance. Can you see the loop?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSome rules can work in many ways. They can work with a few things. They can also work with a lot of things. This helps us see how math works. It is very cool! Can you find patterns too?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleWe use parts of a whole. Sometimes parts are not the same size. We can make them the same size. This helps us add them up. It makes the work easy. Can you find things that match?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleWe use math to find how far things are. Sometimes we go in a straight line. Other times we follow city streets. Math helps us measure both ways. It helps us solve many puzzles. Do you like to measure things?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleLuca was a man who loved numbers. He taught people how to count money. He wrote books to help them. This helps us shop today. He was a great teacher. Do you like to count?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSome numbers are special. We find them by skipping. First, we take some away. Then we take more away. It is like a game. Can you find them? These are called lucky numbers.
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleWe can split big groups of numbers. We make two smaller groups. One group is a top shape. One group is a bottom shape. Computers use this to solve puzzles. It helps us find answers fast. Can you find shapes in math?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSometimes things move in wild ways. Two things might start close together. Then they move far apart. This helps us see if we can guess what happens next. It is like a puzzle. Do you like to guess what comes next?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMadhava was a math thinker. He lived in India a long time ago. He found ways to count very big things. He studied shapes and circles too. His ideas help us today. Can you find a circle?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleImagine a box of numbers. All the rows add up to the same sum. All the columns do too. Even the lines from corner to corner match! People have loved these for a long time. It is like a fun puzzle. Can you find the…
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSome things are big. Some things are small. We can see the size of things. It helps us know how much we have. It can show how far things are. Can you find something big?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleLong ago, a man named Mahāvīra lived in India. He loved to work with numbers. He wrote a big book about math. He showed us how to use shapes. He helped us learn about zero. His work helps us today. Do you like math?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleSome math makes pretty pictures. These shapes look like magic. They have many tiny parts. You can zoom in and see more. The patterns never end. It is very beautiful to see. Do you like patterns?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleA map links things together. It can join one shape to a color. It can join one thing to another. This helps us see how things go together. It is a way to show a rule. Can you find a rule? Can you see how things match?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the articleMargaret Wright loves math. She uses numbers to solve puzzles. She also works with computers. Her work helps us find the best ways to do things. She is a great teacher too. Do you like math?
Early Reader · Change the reading level on the article