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Zizi Jeanmaire

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Renée Marcelle "Zizi" Jeanmaire was a versatile French performer. She excelled as a ballet dancer, actress, and singer. Her career spanned many decades and different types of entertainment. She was known for her intense energy and passion on stage. Jeanmaire became a major star during the 1950s. Her influence reached from the ballet stages of Paris to Hollywood films.

Publicity photograph of Zizi Jeanmaire
Publicity photograph of Zizi Jeanmaire

Jeanmaire's journey began in Paris. She was born to Olga Renée Brunus and Marcel Jeanmaire. As a child, her mother used the nickname "mon Zizi." This childhood name eventually became her famous professional identity. A significant partnership began when she was only nine years old. She met the dancer and choreographer Roland Petit at the Paris Opera Ballet. They became lifelong collaborators and eventually married in 1954. Petit created more than 60 different shows specifically for her to perform.

Her professional training led her through several prestigious dance companies. In 1944, she performed in the Soirées de la danse at the Theater Sarah Bernhardt. She later joined the Nouveau Ballet de Monte Carlo as a ballerina in 1946. In 1947, she danced with the Ballets Russes de Monte Carlo during its final season in London. By 1949, she was the star of the Ballets de Paris. This company was directed by her husband, Roland Petit. Her performances were noted for their high level of skill and emotion.

Jeanmaire achieved international fame through the ballet Carmen. This production used a musical arrangement of an opera by Georges Bizet. The ballet premiered at the Prince's Theatre in London on 21 February 1949. To prepare for the role, Jeanmaire cut her hair into a very short, boyish style. This look became a fashion trend that many women chose to copy. The production was a massive success on the London stage. It even went on an extended tour on Broadway in the following season.

Beyond ballet, Jeanmaire was a talented chanson singer. A chanson is a type of French song. In 1950, a song she performed, composed by Raymond Cheneau, won a Grand Prix du disque. She also transitioned into the world of cinema. In 1952, she appeared in the Hollywood musical film Hans Christian Andersen. This film featured actors Danny Kaye and Farley Granger. She later starred in the 1956 film Anything Goes alongside Bing Crosby. She also performed on Broadway in the 1954 musical The Girl in Pink Tights.

From 1961, Jeanmaire focused on large-scale revues at the Alhambra Theatre. These shows were famous for their spectacle and style. One of her signature acts was the number "Mon truc en plumes." In this performance, twelve young men carried large pink feather fans. She wore a dress designed by the famous couturier Yves Saint Laurent. Saint Laurent became her close friend and her primary designer for both stage and private clothing. Jeanmaire's presence at fashion shows was highly significant. In 1967, she sat among other icons like Catherine Deneuve and Françoise Hardy. Vogue magazine later described her as a guidepost for celebrity culture in the fashion world.

Jeanmaire's legacy continues through cultural references in music. The singer Peter Sarstedt included her in the lyrics of "Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?" He wrote that a person might dance like Zizi Jeanmaire. Similarly, Steve Harley mentioned her in the song "Nothing Is Sacred." Her daughter, Valentine, also followed in her footsteps as a dancer and actress. Zizi Jeanmaire passed away in Switzerland on 17 July 2020. She left behind a massive body of work in dance, film, and music.

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