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William Makepeace Thackeray

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William Makepeace Thackeray was a prominent English novelist and illustrator.

WM Thackeray slnsw
WM Thackeray slnsw

He was a master of satire, which is a way of using humor to criticize people or society. Thackeray is most famous for his 1847 novel, Vanity Fair. This book provided a panoramic portrait of British society during the Victorian era. His talent was so great that many people ranked him second only to Charles Dickens.

Houghton EC85 T3255 848vb - Vanity Fair, title
Houghton EC85 T3255 848vb - Vanity Fair, title

Throughout his career, he used his wit to explore human nature and social structures.

Thackeray's professional journey was driven by necessity. After losing much of his inheritance to gambling and failed newspaper ventures, he had to "write for his life."

William Makepeace Thackeray - self caricature - Project Gutenberg eText 19222
William Makepeace Thackeray - self caricature - Project Gutenberg eText 19222

He began as a journalist, contributing to several major publications. He wrote for Fraser's Magazine and reviewed books for The Times between 1837 and 1840. He also became a regular contributor to Punch magazine. In Punch, he published The Snob Papers. This collection of work helped popularize the modern meaning of the word "snob." His writing often featured roguish characters and sharp social commentary.

His early literary style was often savage and biting. He used various pseudonyms, or fake names, to publish his early satirical sketches. These works, such as The Yellowplush Papers, often attacked high society and military prowess. He also targeted hypocrisy and the institution of marriage. As he aged, his writing underwent a significant change. His later novels, including Pendennis and The Newcomes, showed a more mellowed tone. These stories focused more on the "coming of age" of his characters. They provided critical but less aggressive portrayals of the world around them.

Thackeray's life began in Calcutta, British India. His father, Richmond Thackeray, served as a secretary to the Board of Revenue for the East India Company.

Ann & Wm M'peace Thackeray,Madras age 2 by Chinnery
Ann & Wm M'peace Thackeray,Madras age 2 by Chinnery

Following his father's death in 1815, Thackeray was sent to England. He attended several schools, including Charterhouse School. He later studied at Trinity College, Cambridge, though he left in 1830 because he lacked interest in academic studies. He also spent time traveling through Continental Europe. During this time in Weimar, he had the opportunity to meet the famous writer Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.

His personal life was marked by significant challenges. In 1836, he married Isabella Gethin Shawe, and they had three daughters. However, his wife suffered from severe mental illness after the birth of their third child in 1840. This led to a period of great difficulty for the family. Isabella required professional care in various locations, including asylums near Paris. Thackeray spent much of his time seeking cures for her. This period of his life was deeply taxing and influenced his personal stability. He never established another permanent romantic relationship after her condition became permanent.

Beyond writing, Thackeray was a public figure who engaged in various roles. In 1857, he ran as a Liberal candidate for Parliament in Oxford. He was narrowly defeated, receiving 1,005 votes to the winner's 1,070. In 1860, he took on the role of editor for the Cornhill Magazine. While he held this position, he preferred writing his "Roundabout Papers" column. He also traveled to the United States to give lectures. In Washington, audiences enjoyed his easy, conversational manner. He was described as a burly, gray-haired man who spoke as if talking to friends by a fireside.

Crowe-Thackeray 1845
Crowe-Thackeray 1845

In his final years, Thackeray's health began to decline. He struggled with digestive issues and a recurring condition called a stricture of the urethra. He was known to avoid exercise and often indulged in excessive eating and drinking. On December 23, 1863, he suffered a stroke after dining out. He passed away the following morning at the age of fifty-two. His death was a shock to the public. Approximately 7,000 people attended his funeral in Kensington Gardens. He was eventually buried at Kensal Green Cemetery.

William Thackeray grave Kensal Green 2014
William Thackeray grave Kensal Green 2014
635 words

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🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:William Makepeace Thackeray - self caricature - Project Gutenberg eText 19222.jpg
William Makepeace Thackeray - self...
File:Crowe-Thackeray 1845.jpg
Crowe-Thackeray 1845.jpg
File:WM Thackeray slnsw.jpg
WM Thackeray slnsw.jpg
File:William Thackeray grave Kensal Green 2014.jpg
William Thackeray grave Kensal Green 2014.jpg
File:Houghton EC85 T3255 848vb - Vanity Fair, title.jpg
Houghton EC85 T3255 848vb - Vanity Fair, title.jpg
File:Ann & Wm M'peace Thackeray,Madras age 2 by Chinnery.jpg
Ann & Wm M'peace Thackeray,Madras age 2...
File:Etching of William Makepeace Thackeray by George Barnett Smith.jpg
Etching of William Makepeace Thackeray by...
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