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Wilkie Collins

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William Wilkie Collins was a highly influential English novelist and playwright.

Millais Wilkie Collins
Millais Wilkie Collins

He is most famous for pioneering new ways to tell stories. His 1860 novel, *The Woman in White*, is considered an early sensation novel. This was a type of fiction that focused on intense emotion and mystery. His 1868 novel, *The Moonstone*, is even more significant to literary history. It established many of the fundamental rules for the modern detective novel. Some experts even call it one of the earliest examples of a police procedural. A police procedural is a story that focuses on the actual steps police take to solve a crime.

Collins developed his unique style through a variety of life experiences. He grew up in a creative family in London. His father, William Collins, was a well-known landscape painter. When Wilkie was twelve, his family moved to Italy and France. During these two years, he became fluent in both Italian and French. This international background likely helped his later global success. He also attended a boarding school in Highbury where he faced bullying. One boy forced him to tell a story every night before sleeping. Collins later said this experience helped him discover his power for storytelling.

Before he became a famous author, Collins held several different jobs. He worked for more than five years as a clerk for a tea merchant firm. He also studied law at Lincoln's Inn starting in 1846. His father wanted him to have a steady income through a legal career. While Collins did not practice law formally, he used his legal knowledge constantly. He applied these facts to make the plots in his novels feel more realistic. This combination of legal logic and dramatic mystery became his professional trademark.

In 1851, Collins entered a major new phase of his life. He was introduced to the famous author Charles Dickens by the painter Augustus Egg. The two men became lifelong friends and frequent collaborators. They worked together on plays and fiction for journals like *Household Words*. They even toured together through Switzerland and Italy. Collins also contributed many stories and essays to various publications. This period of intense creativity helped him build a massive international following.

During the 1860s, Collins reached the peak of his professional career. He published four major works in less than ten years. These included *The Woman in White*, *No Name*, *Armadale*, and *The Moonstone*. These novels were very successful and sold in large numbers. This financial stability allowed him to support many other people. By 1862, his success was so great that he could resign from his regular journal work. He could finally focus entirely on writing his own novels.

As he grew older, Collins faced serious personal health struggles. He suffered from a painful condition called gout for most of his life. To manage the pain, he began taking a medicine called laudanum. Over time, he developed an addiction to this substance. This struggle affected his health and the quality of his writing in his later years. His eyesight also began to fail, making it difficult to work.

Sarony, Napoleon (1821-1896) - Wilkie Collins (1824-1889) in 1874 2
Sarony, Napoleon (1821-1896) - Wilkie Collins (1824-1889) in 1874 2

Despite these hardships, he remained active in the literary community.

In his final years, Collins focused on helping the next generation of creators. He mentored younger novelists, such as Hall Caine. He also used his legal expertise to protect authors from copyright infringement. This means he helped stop people from stealing the work of other writers. He remained a respected figure in the Society of Authors, where he served as vice-president.

Wilkie Collins Vanity Fair 3 February 1872
Wilkie Collins Vanity Fair 3 February 1872

Even when he could not leave his home, he continued to fight his illness through his work.

Wilkie Collins died on September 23, 1889, after suffering a paralytic stroke. He was 65 years old at the time of his death. He is buried in Kensal Green Cemetery in West London.

Wilkie Collins, Kensal Green Cemetery 01
Wilkie Collins, Kensal Green Cemetery 01

His headstone serves as a permanent reminder of his impact on literature. It identifies him simply as the author of *The Woman in White*. His legacy lives on through the detective stories that writers still tell today.

Wilkie Collins, Kensal Green Cemetery 02
Wilkie Collins, Kensal Green Cemetery 02
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🖼️ Images & Media (8)
File:Millais Wilkie Collins.jpg
Millais Wilkie Collins.jpg
File:Wilkie Collins 1853.jpg
Wilkie Collins 1853.jpg
File:Sarony, Napoleon (1821-1896) - Wilkie Collins (1824-1889) in 1874 2.JPG
Sarony, Napoleon (1821-1896) - Wilkie...
File:(William) Wilkie Collins by Rudolph Lehmann.jpg
(William) Wilkie Collins by Rudolph Lehmann.jpg
File:Wilkie Collins, Kensal Green Cemetery 01.JPG
Wilkie Collins, Kensal Green Cemetery 01.JPG
File:Wilkie Collins, Kensal Green Cemetery 02.JPG
Wilkie Collins, Kensal Green Cemetery 02.JPG
File:Wilkie Collins Vanity Fair 3 February 1872.jpg
Wilkie Collins Vanity Fair 3 February 1872.jpg
File:The Haunted Hotel 1st ed cover.jpg
The Haunted Hotel 1st ed cover.jpg
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