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Volans

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Volans is a constellation located in the southern sky. It represents a flying fish. The name Volans is a shortened form of its original name, Piscis Volans. This constellation is part of a group of shapes used to map the stars. It serves as a way for astronomers to organize and identify specific regions of space.

Constellation Volans
Constellation Volans

The constellation represents a tropical fish. This specific type of fish can jump out of the water. Once it is in the air, it can glide using wings. In early celestial maps, the flying fish was often shown near a ship called Argo Navis. It was also depicted being chased by a predator. This predatory fish is represented by the nearby constellation Dorado.

Dorado (Johann Bayer1603)
Dorado (Johann Bayer1603)

History shows how our maps of the sky have changed. Two Dutch navigators, Pieter Dirkszoon Keyser and Frederick de Houtman, observed these stars in the late 16th century. Petrus Plancius used their observations to create twelve new constellations. He first included Volans on a celestial globe in 1598. This globe was published in Amsterdam by Plancius and Jodocus Hondius. In 1603, Johann Bayer added the constellation to his star atlas, Uranometria. He called it Piscis Volans. Later, in 1844, John Herschel proposed shortening the name to Volans. This change was eventually adopted by everyone.

Many individual stars make up the pattern of Volans. In 1756, Lacaille gave twelve stars in the constellation specific designations. These stars were labeled Alpha through Kappa. He also labeled two stars as Gamma and Kappa. Within the constellation, there are two notable double stars. These can be seen using a small telescope. They are named Gamma Volantis and Epsilon Volantis. The magnitudes of the Gamma stars are 3.8 and 5.6. The magnitudes of the Epsilon stars are 4.4 and 7.3.

Constellation Volans
Constellation Volans

Volans contains several deep-sky objects that are very far away. One such object is the Lindsay-Shapley ring, also known as AM0644-741. This is a ring galaxy located 300 million light-years from Earth. It was discovered in 1960 near the Large Magellanic Cloud. This galaxy has a very unusual shape. This shape resulted from a collision that happened many millions of years ago. The galaxy has a blue ring that is 150,000 light-years in diameter. This ring was formed by a shock wave from the collision. The shock wave created a ring of hot blue stars. The center is a yellow core made from the cores of the original galaxies.

Constellation Volans
Constellation Volans

Other distant objects exist within the borders of Volans. NGC 2442 is an intermediate-spiral galaxy. It is located about 50 million light-years away from Earth. There is also an object known as Graham's Object. It is also called Das Rheingold or the Nibelungen Ring. This is a ring-shaped galaxy located at specific coordinates in the sky. Astronomers also study variable stars in this region. These are stars called R and S Volantis. In 2003, the Astronomical Society of Southern Africa noted that more data is needed on their light curves.

Modern technology continues to find new things in this constellation. In May 2023, the TESS mission discovered an exoplanet in Volans. This planet is named TOI-715 b. It is the first exoplanet found in a conservative habitable zone. A habitable zone is a region where conditions might allow life. This planet is about 1.55 times larger than Earth. Additionally, the star HD 76700 is located about 195 light-years away. This star is similar to our sun and has a planet of its own. These discoveries show how Volans remains important to science today.

Constellation Volans
Constellation Volans
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File:Dorado (Johann Bayer1603).jpg
Dorado (Johann Bayer1603).jpg
File:Constellation Volans.jpg
Constellation Volans.jpg
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