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Utagawa Toyokuni

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Utagawa Toyokuni was a famous master of ukiyo-e, which are Japanese woodblock prints.

ToyokuniActor
ToyokuniActor

He was the second leader of the Utagawa school of artists. His work helped this school gain great fame and power during the nineteenth century. Toyokuni was most well known for his yakusha-e, or actor portraits. These prints captured the energy of kabuki theatre. While some artists made exaggerated drawings, Toyokuni showed exactly what a person would see on stage. His prints showed actors truly acting in their plays. This made his work very popular with people who loved the theatre.

ToyokuniKabukiduo
ToyokuniKabukiduo

To create his unique style, Toyokuni did not rely on sudden genius. Instead, he studied the work of older masters very closely. He looked at artists like Utamaro, Chōbunsai Eishi, and Eishōsai Chōki. He worked hard to combine their different styles into something new. This process helped him create a style that was his own. He also introduced new ways to show art using multiple panels. These included diptychs, triptychs, and even polyptychs. These formats allowed for much larger and more complex pictures.

ToyokuniPorter
ToyokuniPorter

Toyokuni was born in 1769 to a father named Kurahashi Gorobei. His father was a carver of puppets and dolls. At age 14, Toyokuni began learning from Utagawa Toyoharu. This man was the first head of the Utagawa house. Toyokuni eventually took his master's name to show his connection. He used several different names throughout his life. His childhood name was Kumakichi, and his nickname was Kumaemon. Later, he used art names like Utagawa Ichiyōsai.

ToyokuniActor
ToyokuniActor

Toyokuni was an incredibly busy artist during his life. By the time he died, he had made over 90 print series. He also produced more than 400 illustrated books. He created several hundred single sheet prints as well. Some of his famous series include Views of Actors on Stage from 1793. He also made Sketches of Seven Elegant Paragons of Beauty around 1800. He died in Edo in 1825 at the age of 57. He was surrounded by many of his students when he passed away.

His influence reached far beyond his own lifetime. Toyokuni trained many future masters of ukiyo-e. Two of his most famous pupils were Kunisada and Kuniyoshi. The Utagawa school became so strong that many later artists were linked to it. Almost every important print artist had a connection to his students. Even the name 'Toyokuni' was passed down to later leaders of the school. One leader, Toyoshige, became known as Toyokuni II. His successor, Kunisada, is known as Toyokuni III.

ToyokuniKabukiduo
ToyokuniKabukiduo
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File:Toyokuni Utagawa I by Kunisada cropped.jpg
Toyokuni Utagawa I by Kunisada cropped.jpg
File:ToyokuniActor.jpg
ToyokuniActor.jpg
File:ToyokuniKabukiduo.jpg
ToyokuniKabukiduo.jpg
File:ToyokuniPorter.jpg
ToyokuniPorter.jpg
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