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USS Arizona

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The USS Arizona (BB-39) was a massive standard-type battleship built for the United States Navy. It was the second and final ship in the Pennsylvania-class of battleships. These ships were designed to be much larger than earlier models. The Arizona was named to honor the 48th state of the Union. This vessel served as a powerful symbol of American naval strength during the early 20th century.

Arizona (BB39) At Launch Approaching End of Ways - NARA - 5900076 - 1915 edit
Arizona (BB39) At Launch Approaching End of Ways - NARA - 5900076 - 1915 edit

To move through the ocean, the ship used a complex steam propulsion system. It featured twelve Babcock & Wilcox boilers to generate steam. This steam powered four direct-drive Parsons steam turbine sets. Each turbine drove its own propeller to move the ship forward. During sea trials, the ship reached its designed speed of 21 knots. The ship was also built to carry enough fuel oil to steam for 8,000 nautical miles at 10 knots.

USS Arizona in New York City Crisco edit
USS Arizona in New York City Crisco edit

The Arizona was heavily armed for both offense and defense. It carried twelve 14-inch guns mounted in four triple gun turrets. These turrets were numbered I through IV from the front to the rear. For defense against smaller torpedo boats, the ship had twenty-two 51-caliber guns. These were located in casemates along the sides of the hull. The ship also featured four 50-caliber guns for anti-aircraft defense.

USS Arizona (BB-39) - NH 86101
USS Arizona (BB-39) - NH 86101

Protection was a major part of the ship's design through the "all-or-nothing" principle. This meant that armor was concentrated only on the most vital areas. A thick waterline armor belt of Krupp armor protected the machinery spaces and magazines. This belt was 13.5 inches thick at its highest point. The ship also had a main armor deck consisting of three plates. These plates totaled 3 inches in thickness to protect the interior.

The construction of the Arizona was a historic event. The keel was laid on March 16, 1914, with Franklin Delano Roosevelt in attendance. On June 19, 1915, the ship was launched in front of roughly 75,000 people. Esther Ross served as the ship's sponsor during the christening. To respect a local ban on alcohol, the crew used sparkling wine and water from the Roosevelt Dam. The ship was officially commissioned into the Navy on October 17, 1916.

USS Arizona (BB-39) 1918
USS Arizona (BB-39) 1918

During World War I, the Arizona served as a gunnery training ship for merchant vessel convoys. It stayed in the Atlantic to protect against U-boats. After the war, the ship performed many diplomatic duties. In 1919, it was deployed to the Greco-Turkish War to represent American interests. It also escorted President Woodrow Wilson to the Paris Peace Conference. In 1921, the ship transited the Panama Canal as it moved to the Pacific Fleet.

U.S.S. Arizona in lock, Panama
U.S.S. Arizona in lock, Panama

In the years leading up to World War II, the Arizona underwent many changes. It received a comprehensive modernization between 1929 and 1931. The Pacific Fleet moved its home port to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, in April 1940. This move was intended to act as a deterrent to Japanese imperialism. The ship participated in annual Fleet Problems to practice naval maneuvers. It also supported relief efforts following a 1933 earthquake near Long Beach, California.

USS Arizona (BB-39) - 80-G-463589
USS Arizona (BB-39) - 80-G-463589

A tragic event occurred on December 7, 1941, when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor. The USS Arizona was struck by several armor-piercing bombs dropped from the air. One bomb detonated inside an explosive-filled magazine. This massive explosion caused the battleship to sink rapidly. The attack resulted in the deaths of 1,177 officers and crewmen. Because the damage was so severe, the ship could not be repaired for service.

USSArizonaSinkingsimple
USSArizonaSinkingsimple

Today, the USS Arizona remains a site of great historical significance. The shipwreck lies at the bottom of Pearl Harbor. The USS Arizona Memorial was built directly across the ship's remains. This memorial is dedicated to all those who died during the attack. It serves as a permanent reminder of the ship's history and the people who served on it.

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🖼️ Images & Media (13)
File:Arizona (BB39) At Launch Approaching End of Ways - NARA - 5900076 - 1915 edit.jpg
Arizona (BB39) At Launch Approaching End...
File:USS Arizona in New York City Crisco edit.jpg
USS Arizona in New York City Crisco edit.jpg
File:USS Arizona (BB-39) 1918.jpg
USS Arizona (BB-39) 1918.jpg
File:U.S.S. Arizona in lock, Panama.jpg
U.S.S. Arizona in lock, Panama.jpg
File:USS Arizona (BB-39) - NH 86101.jpg
USS Arizona (BB-39) - NH 86101.jpg
File:USS Arizona (BB-39) being modernized in 1930.jpg
USS Arizona (BB-39) being modernized in 1930.jpg
File:USS Arizona (BB-39) - 80-G-463589.jpg
USS Arizona (BB-39) - 80-G-463589.jpg
File:USS Arizona after 1931 modernization NARA 19-LC-19B-1.jpg
USS Arizona after 1931 modernization NARA...
File:Isaac C. Kidd on Arizona.jpg
Isaac C. Kidd on Arizona.jpg
File:Pearlharborcolork13513.jpg
Pearlharborcolork13513.jpg
File:USSArizonaSinkingsimple.png
USSArizonaSinkingsimple.png
File:USS Arizona 2.png
USS Arizona 2.png

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