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Trench coat

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A trench coat is a specific type of long coat made from heavy-duty, waterproof fabric.

WWITrenchcoat
WWITrenchcoat

It was originally designed for British Army officers to use during the First World War. The garment earned its name because it was used by soldiers in the muddy trenches. While it provides protection from rain and wind, it is not intended to be a heavy winter overcoat. Some versions include a removable wool liner for extra warmth, but they remain lighter than traditional winter coats.

Man wearing trenchcoat
Man wearing trenchcoat

The design of a traditional trench coat includes several functional parts. Most are double-breasted and feature ten buttons on the front. They include wide lapels and a storm flap to block the weather. A self-belt is used to secure the coat at the waist. The sleeves often feature raglan construction and end in cuff straps. These straps buckle around the wrists to prevent water from running down the forearm.

Man wearing trenchcoat
Man wearing trenchcoat

Many coats also include epaulettes, which are button-close shoulder straps. These were used in a military context to attach rank insignia.

Specific details on the belt and pockets helped soldiers in the field. The belt often includes D-rings, which are metal loops shaped like the letter D. While some people believe these were for grenades, they were actually used to attach equipment like swords or map cases. The coats also feature large pockets for carrying maps. Early designs included clever flaps and vents to help manage the odors caused by older rubber-based waterproof coats. These features allowed the coat to combine the utility of a military cape with the structure of a regulation greatcoat.

The history of the trench coat involves two major British luxury clothing manufacturers. Aquascutum claims its history with waterproof clothing dates back to the 1850s. However, Thomas Burberry invented a specific fabric called gabardine in 1879. This is a worsted wool fabric that is waterproofed using lanolin before it is even woven. In 1901, Burberry submitted a design for an officer's raincoat to the War Office. During the First World War, the trench coat became an optional item of dress. It could be purchased privately by officers and Warrant Officers Class I, but no other ranks were permitted to wear them.

During the First World War, the sizing of these coats was quite generous. This is because they were designed to be worn over the British Warm, which was a shorter wool coat. As military needs changed during the Second World War, some soldiers moved toward shorter garments. For example, British commandos and paratroopers often used the Denison smock. The US Army also utilized field jackets like the M1941 and M1943 to allow for more mobility.

Bundesarchiv Bild 183-21752-0005, VEB Leipziger Bekleidungswerke, preiswerte Trenchcoats
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-21752-0005, VEB Leipziger Bekleidungswerke, preiswerte Trenchcoats

Despite these changes, officers in the United Kingdom continued to use trench coats in bad weather.

In the modern era, the trench coat has transitioned from military gear to a fashion staple. It is often associated with a sense of businesslike respectability. Famous film stars helped popularize the look for the public. Humphrey Bogart's character, Rick Blaine, wore the coat in the film *Casablanca*.

Humphrey Bogart in Casablanca trailer
Humphrey Bogart in Casablanca trailer

Peter Sellers also famously wore them in the *Pink Panther* films. Today, brands like Burberry continue to produce them in many different colors. While some people prefer to buckle the belt, others tie it for a more casual appearance.

The trench coat also holds a significant place in popular culture and media. Many iconic characters have worn them, such as Sherlock Holmes and various incarnations of *Doctor Who*. In the Marvel Cinematic Universe, Colonel Nick Fury wears a black leather version. Even comic book characters like Hellboy and John Constantine use the coat as part of their look. However, the garment has also faced challenges in schools. In some US public schools, trench coats were forbidden due to concerns about their ability to conceal weapons or their associations with certain groups.

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🖼️ Images & Media (4)
File:WWITrenchcoat.jpeg
WWITrenchcoat.jpeg
File:Man wearing trenchcoat.jpg
Man wearing trenchcoat.jpg
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-21752-0005, VEB Leipziger Bekleidungswerke, preiswerte Trenchcoats.jpg
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-21752-0005, VEB...
File:Humphrey Bogart in Casablanca trailer.jpg
Humphrey Bogart in Casablanca trailer.jpg
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