Nepedia
Back to Discover
Fluent Reader
🧬

Tree squirrel

life science Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Tree squirrels are members of the squirrel family called Sciuridae.

Eastern Grey Squirrel
Eastern Grey Squirrel

There are more than 100 different species that live in trees. These animals live on every continent except Antarctica and Oceania. They are not one single group of relatives. Instead, they are related to ground squirrels, chipmunks, and marmots. We call them tree squirrels because they live in trees rather than in holes in the ground.

Tamiasciurus hudsonicus CT
Tamiasciurus hudsonicus CT

One special type is the flying squirrel. It has flaps of skin called patagia. These act like glider wings to help it fly through the air.

Squirrels have a very busy way of living. They are known for being inquisitive and persistent. One important thing they do is gnaw on objects.

Iron silo bird feeder
Iron silo bird feeder

This chewing is not just for fun. A squirrel's teeth grow all the time. Gnawing helps keep their teeth from growing too long. They also like to bury food in the ground. They use a keen sense of smell to find these hidden snacks later. Sometimes, they might even chew through metal or plastic to reach food.

People have lived alongside squirrels for a very long time. In Western society, people kept them as pets until at least the 19th century.

Bruges Public Library Manuscript Stichting van Caloen 010a folio 7r
Bruges Public Library Manuscript Stichting van Caloen 010a folio 7r

Because they are small and tame, they were popular with women and the clergy. In the Middle Ages, people even hunted red squirrels for their blue-gray winter coats. This special fur was called vair. Today, many species have moved into human areas. They live in suburban backyards, rural farms, and busy urban parks.

There are many different groups of tree squirrels in the world.

Indian Palm Squirrel Bangalore 2009
Indian Palm Squirrel Bangalore 2009

Scientists use genetic data to sort them into subfamilies. One group is the Sciurinae, which includes mostly American tree squirrels. Another group is the Callosciurinae, which contains Asian tree squirrels. Some species, like the Asian palm squirrel, were moved to Australia in the 1920s. The Eastern gray squirrel is another famous type. It was brought to Great Britain in the 1870s. These different groups help us understand how squirrels spread across the globe.

Squirrels can sometimes cause big problems for people. They build nests called dreys in attics or sheds.

Feeding the squirrels
Feeding the squirrels

Squirrels might chew on power cables like they are tree branches. This can cause short circuits or even fires. They have even caused issues with the NASDAQ stock market. In some places, people hunt them for food. In the Southern US, squirrel meat was used in Brunswick stew.

Red squirrel feeding at sunset
Red squirrel feeding at sunset

In the UK, people are now cooking the invasive gray squirrel as a fashionable meat. Even though they can be pests, they are a fascinating part of our world.

431 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (11)
File:Eastern Grey Squirrel.jpg
Eastern Grey Squirrel.jpg
File:Callosciurus prevosti.jpg
Callosciurus prevosti.jpg
File:Indian Palm Squirrel Bangalore 2009.jpg
Indian Palm Squirrel Bangalore 2009.jpg
File:Tamiasciurus hudsonicus CT.jpg
Tamiasciurus hudsonicus CT.jpg
File:Bruges Public Library Manuscript Stichting van Caloen 010a folio 7r.jpg
Bruges Public Library Manuscript...
File:Iron silo bird feeder.jpg
Iron silo bird feeder.jpg
File:NYCsquirrel.jpg
NYCsquirrel.jpg
File:Feeding the squirrels.jpg
Feeding the squirrels.jpg
File:AM 738 4to Ratatoskr.png
AM 738 4to Ratatoskr.png
File:Kenton tn home of white squirrel.jpg
Kenton tn home of white squirrel.jpg
File:Red squirrel feeding at sunset.jpg
Red squirrel feeding at sunset.jpg
More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.