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Terrassa

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Terrassa is a significant city located in Catalonia, Spain. It sits within the province of Barcelona in the Vallès Occidental county.

Localització de Terrassa respecte del Vallès Occidental
Localització de Terrassa respecte del Vallès Occidental

As of 2024, the city has a population of 228,294 people. This makes it the third largest city in Catalonia, following Barcelona and l'Hospitalet de Llobregat. It is also the largest municipality in the Vallès region. This region is considered the second most important urban and economic center in Catalonia. Because it is the most inland city in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region, people often call it the "entrance to Central Catalonia."

The geography of Terrassa is defined by its position in the Catalan Prelitoral depression. The city sits at the foot of the Prelitoral mountain range. Its average altitude is 277 meters above sea level. Terrassa is located 20 kilometers from Barcelona and 18 kilometers from Montserrat. The landscape has shaped the city's history, including a major natural disaster. On 25 September 1962, a massive flood occurred after a long dry summer. Between 212 and 252 litres of rain per square metre fell in only three hours. This caused the Llobregat and Besòs rivers to overflow.

Flood 1962
Flood 1962

The flood created a "dead triangle" in the Ègara neighbourhood due to unchannelized streams. This event resulted in 700 total victims, with 327 of those in Terrassa.

Human history in this area stretches back to prehistoric times. In 2005, construction workers found a prehistoric site in Vallparadís Park. They discovered stone tools and animal fossils dating back 800,000 to 1,000,000 years. This discovery makes it one of the oldest prehistoric sites in Europe. Later, the area became the Roman town of Egara. It was founded during the reign of Emperor Vespasian between 69 and 79 CE. The name Terrassa likely comes from the Latin *Terracia*. This could mean an "earthen castle" or a "terrace" of flat land. Over time, the spelling has changed through various forms in the Catalan language.

The religious history of the city is also very long. The episcopal see of Ègara was established around 450 CE. This was a territory split from the Diocese of Barcelona.

Egara. Conjunt episcopal
Egara. Conjunt episcopal

Although the Arab conquest in the 8th century suppressed the see, the area remained important. The site contains a complex of ancient Visigothic-Romanesque churches, such as Sant Pere and Sant Miquel.

Egara. Sant Miquel
Egara. Sant Miquel

In 2004, the Diocese of Terrassa was recreated by Pope John Paul II. The seat of this new diocese is the Cathedral of the Holy Spirit.

During the 19th century, Terrassa became a vital part of the Industrial Revolution. The city specialized in the production of woollen fabrics. This industrial wealth led to a major legacy of Modernista architecture. Modernista is a style of art and architecture that was popular in the late 1800s and early 1900s.

Masia Freixa 1
Masia Freixa 1

Notable examples include the Masia Freixa and the Vapor Aymerich, Amat i Jover textile mill. The textile mill now serves as the Museum of Science and Industry of Catalonia. Other important structures include the Principal theater and the city hall. The city is even a partner in the Art Nouveau network, which studies and preserves this specific style.

Today, Terrassa is recognized globally for its film and academic contributions. UNESCO named it a "City of Film." It hosts the Parc Audiovisual de Catalunya, which contains the largest film studios in the Iberian Peninsula. Many famous movies and TV shows, such as *REC*, have been filmed there. The city is also a center for higher education. It is the seat of several universities, including the UPC and the Institut del Teatre. This academic presence supports a very lively music and theater scene. The Terrassa Jazz Festival has been a major event since 1982.

Cultural traditions remain a core part of life in Terrassa. The city is famous for its *colles castelleres*, which are groups that build human towers. The Minyons de Terrassa are considered among the best in the world. In 1998, they were the first group to complete a 10-story human tower.

SantLlorençMunt-MonestirLaMola
SantLlorençMunt-MonestirLaMola

You can also find many *diables* and *bestiari de foc* groups. These are groups that participate in fire-centric processions. The city also features *Gegants*, which are large processional giants. These traditions, along with local music and dance, keep the Catalan culture vibrant and strong.

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🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Localització de Terrassa respecte del Vallès Occidental.svg
Localització de Terrassa respecte del...
File:Masia Freixa 1.JPG
Masia Freixa 1.JPG
File:Flood 1962.jpg
Flood 1962.jpg
File:Egara. Conjunt episcopal.jpg
Egara. Conjunt episcopal.jpg
File:SantLlorençMunt-MonestirLaMola.jpg
SantLlorençMunt-MonestirLaMola.jpg
File:Egara. Sant Miquel.jpg
Egara. Sant Miquel.jpg
File:Huguet-santsAbdoSenen-0021 collage.jpg
Huguet-santsAbdoSenen-0021 collage.jpg
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