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Television

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Television is a telecommunication medium used to transmit moving images and sound.

Cptvdisplay
Cptvdisplay

The term can describe the transmission process or the physical television set itself. It serves as a mass medium for news, sports, entertainment, and advertising. While radio broadcasting sends only audio signals, television adds a visual dimension. This allows viewers to witness events as they happen through a screen.

TV users
TV users

Today, television is a central part of global communication and culture.

A standard television set relies on internal electronic circuits to function. A key component is the tuner, which receives and decodes broadcast signals. Most broadcasts operate as a simplex broadcast. This means the transmitter sends information, but the receiver cannot transmit back.

F-Stecker und Kabel
F-Stecker und Kabel

Signals reach the receiver through several different methods. They can travel via terrestrial radio-frequency transmitters to antennas.

UHF TV Antenna 001
UHF TV Antenna 001

Signals also move through coaxial cable, optical fiber, or satellite systems.

Dishing out the truth
Dishing out the truth

Since the 2000s, the Internet has become a major way to distribute television content.

The history of television began with mechanical scanning ideas. In 1884, Paul Julius Gottlieb Nipkow patented the Nipkow disk.

Nipkow disk
Nipkow disk

This was a spinning disk with a spiral of holes. Each hole scanned a single line of an image. In 1900, the Russian scientist Constantin Perskyi coined the term "television."

Radio News Sep 1928 Cover
Radio News Sep 1928 Cover

By 1925, Scottish inventor John Logie Baird used Nipkow disks for his prototype systems. He famously used a ventriloquist's dummy named "Stooky Bill" for demonstrations.

John Logie Baird and Stooky Bill
John Logie Baird and Stooky Bill

The dummy's painted face provided the high contrast needed for his primitive system.

Early television technology moved from mechanical systems to electronic ones. In 1909, Georges Rignoux and A. Fournier demonstrated live image transmission using selenium cells. Later, Boris Rosing and Vladimir Zworykin developed systems using the cathode-ray tube, or CRT.

Zworykin kinescope 1929
Zworykin kinescope 1929

The CRT became the standard display technology for many decades. These older sets were often bulky and heavy.

Crt14
Crt14

They were eventually replaced by a hardware revolution in the late 1990s. This revolution introduced compact, energy-efficient flat-panel technologies.

Modern display technology offers several different types of screens. Flat-panel alternatives include LCD, which uses liquid crystals, and plasma displays.

LCD generic tv
LCD generic tv

Newer technologies include LED, which stands for light-emitting diode, and OLED displays.

LG전자, 깜빡임 없는 55인치 3D OLED TV 공개(2)
LG전자, 깜빡임 없는 55인치 3D OLED TV 공개(2)

Manufacturers have moved away from older formats like CRT and Digital Light Processing (DLP). By the mid-2010s, many companies stopped making these older types of screens. Today, OLEDs are gradually replacing earlier LED technologies. These advancements allow for much thinner and more efficient devices.

Image quality has also improved significantly through higher resolutions. Television has transitioned from standard-definition (SDTV) to high-definition television (HDTV).

8K UHD, 5K, 4K UHD, FHD and SD
8K UHD, 5K, 4K UHD, FHD and SD

HDTV provides a much higher resolution for a clearer picture. It can be transmitted in various formats, such as 1080p, 1080i, or 720p. This shift coincided with the move from analog signals to digital television transmissions. By the late 2010s, this digital transition was expected to be complete worldwide. This change allows for more detailed and reliable visual information.

Viewing habits have changed because of digital storage and the Internet. In the past, people watched scheduled broadcasts. Now, archival media like DVDs, Blu-ray discs, and flash drives allow for on-demand viewing.

SMPTE Color Bars
SMPTE Color Bars

Many programs are also stored in the cloud for remote retrieval. This is seen in video-on-demand services like Netflix. Since 2010, smart televisions have become very common.

LG smart TV
LG smart TV

These sets have integrated Internet functions. They allow users to stream movies and shows through services like Amazon Prime Video or Hulu. This connectivity makes television more interactive and flexible than ever before.

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🖼️ Images & Media (23)
File:Cptvdisplay.jpg
Cptvdisplay.jpg
File:Nipkow disk.svg
Nipkow disk.svg
File:John Logie Baird and Stooky Bill.png
John Logie Baird and Stooky Bill.png
File:Ferdinand_Braun.jpg
Ferdinand_Braun.jpg
File:Zworykin kinescope 1929.jpg
Zworykin kinescope 1929.jpg
File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof. Manfred v. Ardenne.jpg
Bundesarchiv Bild 183-K0917-501, Prof....
File:1939 RCA Television Advertisement.jpg
1939 RCA Television Advertisement.jpg
File:RCA Indian Head test pattern.JPG
RCA Indian Head test pattern.JPG
File:Samsung LED TV.jpg
Samsung LED TV.jpg
File:SMPTE Color Bars.svg
SMPTE Color Bars.svg
File:LG smart TV.jpg
LG smart TV.jpg
File:UHF TV Antenna 001.JPG
UHF TV Antenna 001.JPG

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