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Skeleton (undead)

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An undead skeleton is a physically manifested creature that is no longer living. These characters appear frequently in mythology, folklore, and various forms of fiction. While most are depicted as human skeletons, they can also represent any species found on Earth or within fantasy worlds. They serve many roles, ranging from scary monsters to funny characters.

Nuremberg chronicles - Dance of Death (CCLXIIIIv)
Nuremberg chronicles - Dance of Death (CCLXIIIIv)

In Western culture, animated skeletons have long been used to personify death. This tradition traces back to the Middle Ages and may have been influenced by the valley of the dry bones in the Book of Ezekiel. One famous version is the Grim Reaper, a hooded skeleton often shown holding a scythe or an hourglass. This specific imagery is often attributed to Hans Holbein the Younger in 1538. In the Bible, death is also described as one of the horsemen of the Apocalypse, sometimes depicted as a skeleton riding a horse. Other artists have used skeletons to show large-scale events, such as Pieter Bruegel the Elder's 1562 painting, The Triumph of Death, which shows an army of skeletons raiding a town.

Different cultures use skeletal imagery in very different ways. In Japanese folklore, Mekurabe are rolling skulls with eyeballs that menace Taira no Kiyomori. In Mexico, skeletons are central to the Day of the Dead celebrations. Here, skulls symbolize life, and these images are used to invite levity rather than fear. People use the term "calacas" to refer to these skeletons. A major influence on this modern tradition was a zinc etching by José Guadalupe Posada in the 1910s titled La Calavera Catrina. Although it was originally a satire of Mexican women imitating French styles, it eventually became a national icon and a symbol of vanity.

La Calavera Catrina J Guadalupe Posada
La Calavera Catrina J Guadalupe Posada

Modern literature and film have continued to develop these characters. In Gothic fiction, Perceval Landon wrote about animated skeletons in the 1908 short story "Thurnley Abbey." In the Discworld series by Terry Pratchett, Death is an anthropomorphic figure who looks like a skeleton in a black robe. The manga One Piece features a main character named Brook, who is an animated skeleton. Film has also used skeletal warriors in many ways. Animator Ray Harryhausen created a famous battle scene of skeletal warriors for the 1963 film Jason and the Argonauts. This sequence is remembered as a very influential piece of visual effects.

Video games often use skeletons as a standard type of enemy. In the tradition of Dungeons & Dragons, the basic animated skeleton is a low-level undead enemy. Because they are typically easy for players to defeat, they often appear early in gameplay to challenge novice players. These characters are commonly armed with medieval weapons and sometimes wear armor. In the game Minecraft, skeletons are bow-wielding monsters that burn under sunlight unless they wear helmets.

Wesnothlich
Wesnothlich

Minecraft also features several specific skeletal variants. The Wither Skeleton causes a player's health to wither away. The Stray is a frozen variant found in snowy biomes, and the Bogged is a poisonous version found in swamps. In Minecraft Dungeons, Skeleton Vanguards act as guards for a necromancer boss named The Nameless One. These guards are equipped with shields, iron armor, and glaives. Other games, like the Mario series, feature "Dry Bones," which are Koopa Troopa skeletons that return to their form after being hit.

Many other famous game franchises include skeletal characters to add variety to their worlds. The Legend of Zelda series includes Stalfos, which are armed skeletons that act as enemies or minibosses. There are also smaller versions called Stalkids and Stalblins. In the game Undertale, two skeleton brothers named Sans and Papyrus play important roles, with their dialogue printed in Comic Sans and Papyrus fonts. In the RPG Divinity: Original Sin II, players can even play as a member of a skeletal race. These diverse uses show how the concept of the undead skeleton has moved from ancient myth into modern digital entertainment.

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File:Nuremberg chronicles - Dance of Death (CCLXIIIIv).jpg
Nuremberg chronicles - Dance of Death...
File:La Calavera Catrina J Guadalupe Posada.jpg
La Calavera Catrina J Guadalupe Posada.jpg
File:Wesnothlich.png
Wesnothlich.png
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