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Scott Carpenter

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Malcolm Scott Carpenter was an American naval officer, aviator, and aeronautical engineer. He is most famous as one of the Mercury Seven astronauts. This group was selected in April 1959 for NASA's Project Mercury. This project was the first American program to send humans into space. The goal was to orbit the Earth and return the pilot safely. Carpenter became the second American to orbit the Earth. He was also the fourth American to travel into space.

The Mercury 7 (15258556433)
The Mercury 7 (15258556433)

Before his time in space, Carpenter built a career in the U.S. Navy. He joined the Navy's aviation training program in 1943. He completed flight training in several locations, including Iowa and California. He eventually flew multi-engine patrol aircraft like the Consolidated PB4Y-2 Privateer. During the Korean War, he flew reconnaissance missions. He also performed anti-submarine warfare missions along the coasts of China and the Soviet Union. He flew the Lockheed P-2 Neptune during these deployments.

Lockheed P2V-7 Neptune in flight near NAS Patuxent River in 1954
Lockheed P2V-7 Neptune in flight near NAS Patuxent River in 1954

Carpenter's skills led him to become a highly trained test pilot. In 1954, he attended the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School in Maryland. As a test pilot, he flew many different types of aircraft. These included the AD Skyraider and the Martin P4M Mercator. He also flew early jet aircraft. These jets included the F9F Panther and the F11F Tiger. His work as a test pilot helped NASA select him for spaceflight. NASA looked at 508 test pilot graduates to find their first astronauts.

Carpenter suiting up
Carpenter suiting up

NASA's selection process for the Mercury Seven was very difficult. Candidates underwent physical and psychological tests at several medical laboratories. Carpenter performed exceptionally well on these tests. He had the lowest body fat among the group. He also scored the highest on treadmill and cycling tests. He could hold his breath longer than the other candidates. In 1961, he flew the Mercury Atlas 7 mission. He named his spacecraft Aurora 7.

Carpenter aurora 7
Carpenter aurora 7

During the Aurora 7 mission, the spacecraft experienced several malfunctions. These technical problems changed the flight path. Because of these malfunctions, the spacecraft landed far from its intended splashdown point. This is the location in the ocean where the craft was supposed to land. Despite the landing error, both the pilot and the spacecraft were retrieved safely.

Mercury-7 landing
Mercury-7 landing

Carpenter's curiosity extended beyond the stars and into the deep ocean. In 1964, he took a leave of absence from NASA. He joined the U.S. Navy SEALAB project as an aquanaut. An aquanaut is a person who lives underwater to conduct research. In 1965, he lived on the ocean floor for 28 days. This took place off the coast of California during the SEALAB II mission.

Scott Carpenter in SEALAB II
Scott Carpenter in SEALAB II

He later served as the Director of Aquanaut Operations for SEALAB III in 1967.

After his career in the Navy and NASA, Carpenter remained active in science. He retired from NASA in 1967 and from the Navy in 1969. He held the rank of commander. He worked as a consultant for the film industry regarding space flight. He also helped manufacturers of diving and sporting equipment. Carpenter even worked on projects involving biological pest control and energy production from waste. He wrote an autobiography titled "For Spacious Skies: The Uncommon Journey of a Mercury Astronaut."

Scott Carpenter 1999
Scott Carpenter 1999
538 words

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🖼️ Images & Media (11)
File:Aurora 7 patch.png
Aurora 7 patch.png
File:Lockheed P2V-7 Neptune in flight near NAS Patuxent River in 1954.jpg
Lockheed P2V-7 Neptune in flight near NAS...
File:The Mercury 7 (15258556433).jpg
The Mercury 7 (15258556433).jpg
File:Visit of Scott Carpenter and his family to the White House.jpg
Visit of Scott Carpenter and his family...
File:Carpenter suiting up.jpg
Carpenter suiting up.jpg
File:Carpenter aurora 7.jpg
Carpenter aurora 7.jpg
File:Mercury-7 landing.jpg
Mercury-7 landing.jpg
File:SealabII.jpg
SealabII.jpg
File:Scott Carpenter in SEALAB II.jpg
Scott Carpenter in SEALAB II.jpg
File:Scott Carpenter funeral 140102-F-IQ437-130.jpg
Scott Carpenter funeral 140102-F-IQ437-130.jpg
File:Scott Carpenter 1999.jpg
Scott Carpenter 1999.jpg
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