Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
🚀

Sandra Faber

space Maturity 9-11 war conflict Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: war_conflict. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

Sandra Faber is a prominent American astrophysicist. An astrophysicist is a scientist who uses physics to study the universe. Faber focuses her research on the evolution of galaxies. This means she studies how galaxies form and change over time. Her work helps us understand the history of the entire universe. She is currently a University Professor at the University of California, Santa Cruz. She also conducts research at the Lick Observatory.

Sandra Faber 1988
Sandra Faber 1988

One of Faber's most famous discoveries is the Faber–Jackson relation. In 1976, she observed a specific link between certain galaxy properties. She found that the brightness of a galaxy relates to the orbital speeds of its stars. This means the faster stars move, the brighter the galaxy tends to be. She co-discovered this law with a graduate student named Robert Jackson. This discovery helped scientists understand the internal mechanics of distant galaxies. It provided a new way to look at how galaxies are built.

Faber also made major contributions to our understanding of dark matter. Dark matter is a mysterious substance that does not emit light. In 1979, she and John S. Gallagher published evidence for its existence. In 1983, Faber published research regarding the speed of these particles. She showed that dark matter is likely "cold dark matter." This means it is made of slow-moving particles rather than fast-moving neutrinos. In 1984, she worked with other scientists to explain how dark matter helps galaxies form. This theory describes how structure grew in the universe after the Big Bang.

Beyond theory, Faber helped build the tools used to see the cosmos. She was instrumental in the creation of the Keck telescopes in Hawaii. While Jerry Nelson designed the telescopes, Faber helped promote the idea of large optical telescopes globally. The Keck telescope is the second largest optical telescope in the world. It uses a massive 10-meter primary mirror. This mirror is unique because it consists of 36 hexagonal segments. Faber also worked on the Keck II telescope. She helped add a new optical spectrograph to it in 1996. This tool increased the telescope's power by 13-fold for observing far galaxies.

Faber's expertise was also vital for the Hubble Space Telescope. In 1990, she assisted with the commissioning of its wide field planetary camera. During this time, the telescope had a flaw called spherical aberration. This is an error in how the optics focus light. Faber and her team helped diagnose this specific cause. She also served as the principal investigator for the Nuker Team. This group used the Hubble telescope to search for supermassive black holes. These are incredibly large and heavy objects found at the centers of galaxies.

Throughout her career, Faber has led many important scientific projects. In the late 1980s, she joined the "Seven Samurai" collaboration. This eight-year project tried to catalogue 400 galaxies. Although they did not reach that exact goal, they succeeded in another way. They developed a reliable method to estimate the distance to any galaxy. This helped scientists measure the total density of the universe. More recently, she joined the CANDELS project. This is the largest survey of the universe ever taken by the Hubble Space Telescope.

Faber has received many prestigious honors for her scientific achievements. In 1985, she was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. She won the National Medal of Science in 2017. In 2018, she received the Gruber Prize in Cosmology. She was also awarded the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 2020. Her impact is even seen in our solar system. A small rock in space, known as minor planet #283277, is named Faber. Her life of study continues to shape how we see the stars.

622 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (1)
File:Sandra Faber 1988.jpg
Sandra Faber 1988.jpg
More to explore

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.