Ramadi

Ramadi is a big city in Iraq.

It sits by a river called the Euphrates. The river helps water the farms nearby. The land is very hot and dry.

Many people live in the city. Most people belong to the Dulaim tribe. A big bridge crosses the water there.

The city has many concrete buildings. It is a busy place for trade. It is a very important place in Iraq.

Ramadi is a large city in central Iraq.

It is the capital of the Al Anbar region. The city sits along the Euphrates River. This river flows through the land and helps water nearby farms.

Ramadi is a very important place for trade. It sits on a road that leads to Syria and Jordan. Many people use this path to move goods across the desert.

Most people in Ramadi are Sunni Arabs. Many belong to the Dulaim tribe. This group has many clans. Each clan has a leader called a sheikh. The city has many modern buildings made of concrete. The tallest building is a seven-story hospital.

Ramadi has seen many wars. It was fought over during the two World Wars. It was also hurt during the Iraq War. Some parts of the city were badly damaged. In 2015, a group called IS took over the city. Later that year, the Iraqi government took it back. This was a big victory for the government. Today, the city is a place where people live and work near the river.

Ramadi is a large city located in central Iraq.

It serves as the capital of the Al Anbar Governorate. This region shares borders with Syria, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. The city sits right along the Euphrates River. This river cuts through the middle of the Al Anbar region. Because of its spot on the river, the land is fertile.

Many people use the river and the nearby roads for trade. The city is a major hub for traffic moving west. This important position has helped the city grow wealthy in the past.

The city grew very fast during the last part of the 1900s. In 1956, only about 12,020 people lived there. By 1987, the number grew to 192,556 people. By 2018, the population was about 223,500 residents. Most of these people are Sunni Arabs. Most belong to the Dulaim tribal confederation. This group has over a thousand different clans. Each clan has a leader called a sheikh. These leaders are chosen by tribal elders to help their people.

Ramadi has a long and busy history. A small settlement existed there a long time ago. In 1836, a British explorer named Francis Rawdon Chesney passed through. He called it a "pretty little town." The modern city was founded in 1869 by Midhat Pasha. He was a governor for the Ottoman Empire. He wanted to help settle the nomadic tribes in the area. By 1892, the town was very busy with large markets. It even had a telegraph office and large barracks.

Because of its location, Ramadi has been fought over many times. It was a site of battles during both World Wars. During World War I, British and Turkish forces fought for control. The heat was so intense that many soldiers grew exhausted. Later, the city saw heavy fighting during the Iraq War. In May 2015, a group called IS took over the city.

However, the Iraqi government fought back to win it. They declared the city re-taken on December 28, 2015.

Today, the city looks very different from older Iraqi cities. It does not have a traditional old center called a kasbah. Instead, it has many modern buildings made of concrete. Most houses have two or three stories and flat roofs. The tallest building in the city is a seven-story hospital.

A railway line runs near the southern edge of the city. This train path goes east toward Baghdad and west toward Syria. The city remains a vital place for people and trade in Iraq.

Ramadi is a major city located in central Iraq.

It serves as the capital of the Al Anbar Governorate. This governorate is a large region that borders Syria, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. The city sits along the Euphrates River, which bisects the Al Anbar region. Because the river flows through it, the area is part of a fertile, irrigated, alluvial plain. This geography places Ramadi within the Sunni Triangle of western Iraq. The city is a highly strategic site for both trade and military control.

The city's location makes it a vital hub for regional traffic. It sits on an important trade route that leads across the desert toward Jordan and the Mediterranean Sea. The main Amman–Baghdad road passes directly through the city. A railway line also runs through the southern outskirts. This track heads east toward Baghdad and west toward Haditha and the Syrian border. These connections have historically brought significant prosperity to the area. However, this same strategic importance has caused the city to be fought over many times.

Ramadi's modern history began with its founding in 1869. Midhat Pasha, the Ottoman Wali or Governor of Baghdad, established the city. The Ottoman Empire wanted to settle the nomadic Dulaim tribes. They used land grants to encourage these Bedouin tribes to live in permanent settlements. This was intended to make the tribes easier for the state to control. By 1892, the town was described as very active. It featured large government barracks, a telegraph office, and well-filled bazaars. In 1836, before the modern city existed, an explorer named Francis Rawdon Chesney saw a small settlement there. He described it as a "pretty little town" with Bedouin tents along the river banks.

The city saw intense combat during both World Wars. During World War I, the Mesopotamian Campaign saw fighting between British and Turkish forces. In July 1917, British Lieutenant General Frederick Stanley Maude attempted to take the city. The attack failed because of extreme heat and an unexpected sandstorm. More than half of the 566 British casualties were caused by the temperature. Later, in September 1917, a better-organized British force successfully took control. Ramadi was contested again during World War II. This followed a 1941 Iraqi coup d'état and the siege of the British base at RAF Habbaniya. A British relief force known as Habforce eventually seized control of the city.

In the late 20th century, Ramadi experienced rapid population growth. In 1956, the population was only 12,020 people. By 1987, it had grown to 192,556 residents. By 2011, the World Food Programme reported 375,000 people lived there. The population is very homogeneous, with over 90 percent being Sunni Arabs. Most residents belong to the Dulaim tribal confederation. This confederation includes over a thousand individual clans. Each clan is led by a sheikh who is selected by tribal elders. In 1987, the University of Anbar was founded, which helped create a more cosmopolitan culture.

The city has faced extreme hardship during recent conflicts. Following the 2003 U.S. invasion, the policy of de-Ba'athification hit Ramadi hard. Many military and government officials were excluded from public life. This helped turn the city into a center for insurgency between 2003 and 2006. In May 2015, the extremist group ISIL captured the city. They used suicide car bombs, mortars, and rocket launchers during the assault.

The Iraqi government fought to reclaim the city through a major operation. On December 28, 2015, the government declared that it had re-taken Ramadi. This was a major military victory, but the fighting left the city heavily damaged. Some estimates suggest as much as 90 percent of the city was destroyed.

Today, the physical landscape of Ramadi is defined by modern construction. Unlike older Iraqi cities, it lacks a traditional kasbah. The city is dominated by concrete buildings with flat roofs. Most structures are two or three stories tall. The tallest building is a seven-story Japanese-built hospital.

The city center is bounded by the Euphrates to the north and the Habbaniyah Canal to the west. Various suburbs are criss-crossed with canals used for irrigation. These canals support the farmland surrounding the urban areas. The city remains a central point for the people and the tribes of western Iraq.