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Ottawa

geography Maturity 9-11 Next article →

Ottawa is the capital city of Canada.

Map of Ontario OTTAWA
Map of Ontario OTTAWA

It sits in the southern part of Ontario. The city is located where the Ottawa River and the Rideau River meet.

View of Parliament Hill and Chaudière Falls. "City of Ottawa, Canada West", ca. 1859, by Stent and Laver.
View of Parliament Hill and Chaudière Falls. "City of Ottawa, Canada West", ca. 1859, by Stent and Laver.

This area is part of the National Capital Region. It also sits near the city of Gatineau in Quebec. The city is a very important political center. It serves as the headquarters for the federal government.

Downtown Ottawa 2022
Downtown Ottawa 2022

Many important groups and buildings are found here. These include the Parliament of Canada and the Supreme Court. You can also find the Office of the Prime Minister here. Many foreign embassies are located in the city as well.

Long before the city was built, people lived in this valley. The land became livable about 10,000 years ago.

Early humans left behind spearpoints thousands of years ago. The Algonquin people lived here for a long time. They used the rivers for hunting, fishing, and trading. The name "Ottawa" comes from the Algonquin word for "to trade."

Newottawamap
Newottawamap

This history of travel and trade makes the area special. The rivers made it a great place for moving goods. Many different groups have used these waters for thousands of years.

European explorers arrived much later in history. Étienne Brûlé was the first European to travel the Ottawa River in 1610. Later, Philemon Wright started a lumber town in the area.

First camp by By
First camp by By

In the 1820s, the British military began building the Rideau Canal. This canal was a safe path between Montreal and Kingston. A man named Colonel John By helped lead this work. Because of him, the town was first called Bytown in 1827. The town grew quickly as people came to work. It was later renamed Ottawa in 1855.

Choosing a capital city was not an easy task. Many cities wanted to be the leader of Canada.

Ottawa Old Post Office Confederation Square
Ottawa Old Post Office Confederation Square

Leaders even argued and had riots about where to go. Eventually, Queen Victoria chose Ottawa as the capital in 1857. She picked it because it was a safe location. The city was surrounded by thick forests and sat on a cliff. This made it hard for enemies to attack the government. It was also a good middle ground between different regions.

Today, Ottawa is a large and busy city.

Ottawa population pyramid in 2021
Ottawa population pyramid in 2021

It has over one million people living in the city. More than 11 million people visit every year.

Many visitors come to see the national museums and monuments. The city is also a place for learning. It is home to the University of Ottawa and Carleton University.

UOttawa-Tabaret Hall-2008-05-05
UOttawa-Tabaret Hall-2008-05-05

There are also many research centers and colleges here. People enjoy the high standard of living in this capital city.

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🖼️ Images & Media (27)
File:Champlain Sea 1.png
Champlain Sea 1.png
File:First camp by By.jpg
First camp by By.jpg
File:View of Parliament Hill and Chaudière Falls. "City of Ottawa, Canada West", ca. 1859, by Stent and Laver..jpg
View of Parliament Hill and Chaudière...
File:Lebreton Flats after 1900 fire.jpg
Lebreton Flats after 1900 fire.jpg
File:Ottawa Old Post Office Confederation Square.jpg
Ottawa Old Post Office Confederation Square.jpg
File:VEDaySparksStreet1945.jpg
VEDaySparksStreet1945.jpg
File:Ottawagreenbelt.PNG
Ottawagreenbelt.PNG
File:John G. Diefenbaker Building 2014 p3.jpg
John G. Diefenbaker Building 2014 p3.jpg
File:Map of Ontario OTTAWA.svg
Map of Ontario OTTAWA.svg
File:Newottawamap.png
Newottawamap.png
File:Connaught Building (14579938218).jpg
Connaught Building (14579938218).jpg
File:Downtown Ottawa 2022.jpg
Downtown Ottawa 2022.jpg

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