Marie-Madeleine Guimard

Marie-Madeleine Guimard was a famous dancer.

She was a star in France. People loved her graceful moves. They also loved her bright smile.

She was a very kind person. Once, she gave warm coats to others. She even gave out money to help people. She lived in a grand house. This house had a theater inside. It was a very special place for art.

Marie-Madeleine Guimard was a famous French ballerina.

She was the star of the Paris Opera for twenty-five years. People loved her for her graceful and fluid moves. She was also known for her expressive, smiling face.

She did not always do the hardest dance steps. Instead, she focused on being very elegant. One painter, Jean-Honoré Fragonard, made art for her home. They had a fight, and he changed her smile to a look of fury in a painting!

Guimard was also very wealthy. She built a grand home called the Hôtel Guimard. This house had a theater for five hundred people. She used her money to be very kind. During a very cold winter, she gave out coins. She also gave out warm coats and bedclothes to people in need. She lived a life of great luxury. In 1786, she sold her property for 300,000 francs. Later, she married a man named Jean-Étienne Despréaux. He was a dancer and a writer.

Marie-Madeleine Guimard was a famous French ballerina.

She was the star of the Paris Opera for twenty-five years. People loved her for her graceful and fluid movements. She was known for her expressive, smiling face. She did not always do the hardest dance steps. Instead, she focused on being very elegant. One painter said her dancing was like a sketch. She used simple steps called petits pas. Still, her movements were so graceful that people loved her.

Guimard lived a very busy and luxurious life. She was a dancer and also a courtesan. This means she had many wealthy admirers. One famous admirer was the Prince of Soubise. He gave her 2,000 écus every month. She also had a daughter with a composer named Jean-Benjamin de La Borde. Guimard was very wealthy from her career. She bought a large house near Paris at Pantin. This house even had its own small private theater. She used this theater to show plays to high society.

Her life began on December 27, 1743. She was the daughter of Fabien Guimart and Anne Bernard. She was trained by a choreographer named d'Harnoncourt. She joined the corps de ballet at age fifteen. Her official debut was on May 9, 1762. She danced the role of Terpsichore. In January 1766, a piece of scenery fell on her. It broke her arm, but she kept dancing. She even performed with her arm in a sling. She lived until May 4, 1816.

Guimard was also known for being very kind.

In January 1768, there was a very cold winter. Guimard asked for her money in coins. She went to the poor neighborhoods at Pantin. She gave out money, warm coats, and bedclothes. She hosted three different types of dinner parties every week. One party was for important leaders at Court. Another was for writers and artists. The third was for young women.

She built a grand home called the Hôtel Guimard.

It was designed by Claude-Nicolas Ledoux in the 1770s. The house had a theater for five hundred people. A painter named Fragonard once painted her in the house. They had a fight, so he changed her smile. He turned her smile into a look of fury. In 1786, she sold her property for 300,000 francs. Later, she married a man named Jean-Étienne Despréaux. He was a dancer and a playwright.

Marie-Madeleine Guimard was a celebrated French ballerina who dominated the Parisian stage. She served as the star of the Paris Opera for twenty-five years. Her influence stretched far beyond the dance floor during the reign of Louis XVI. Guimard was known for her unique style of performance. She did not always attempt the most difficult technical movements of the era. Instead, she focused on perfectly composed and fluid aristocratic movements. She was highly regarded for her mime and her expressive, smiling visage.

Many viewers preferred her grace over raw technical skill.

Her dance style was characterized by elegance rather than complexity. The portrait painter Mme Vigée-Lebrun described her dancing as a mere sketch. Guimard primarily performed petits pas, which are simple steps. However, her movements were so graceful that the public preferred her to every other dancer. She often wore a specific style of dress for her performances. She hitched her skirt up to reveal an underskirt. This underskirt was held out by a starched muslin petticoat rather than heavy hoops or paniers. This choice emphasized her fluid motion on stage.

Guimard's career began with formal training under the choreographer d'Harnoncourt. She entered the corps de ballet at the Comédie-Française at age fifteen. She made her official debut on May 9, 1762. During this performance, she played the role of Terpsichore. Her resilience was tested in January 1766 when a piece of scenery fell on her. The accident broke her arm, yet she continued to make public appearances. She famously performed even while wearing her arm in a sling.

Beyond the stage, Guimard was a famous courtesan with many wealthy admirers. Her life was marked by significant financial success and luxury. She had a long liaison with Charles de Rohan, the Prince of Soubise. The Prince was a maréchal de France and a great connoisseur of ballet. It is said he provided her with an allowance of 2,000 écus per month. She also had a daughter with the composer Jean-Benjamin de La Borde in April 1763. Guimard used her wealth to purchase a magnificent house near Paris at Pantin. This estate featured a private theater where she hosted clandestine performances for high society.

Guimard was also recognized for her immense generosity toward the less fortunate. During a bitter cold spell in January 1768, she demonstrated her kindness. She requested her allowance in coins rather than other forms of payment. She then traveled to the garrets of her neighborhood in Pantin. There, she distributed purses of money, warm coats, and bedclothes to those in need. She also hosted three distinct types of weekly dinner parties. One group included grand seigneurs from the Court. A second group consisted of writers, artists, and wits. A third group invited young women to her gatherings.

In the early 1770s, she commissioned the construction of the Hôtel Guimard. This grand residence was located in the Chaussée d'Antin. The architect Claude-Nicolas Ledoux designed the building in the neoclassical style.

The house featured paintings by Fragonard and a theater that seated five hundred spectators. Guimard called this place her "Temple de Terpsichore." However, she had a famous quarrel with the painter Fragonard. After their dispute, Fragonard entered the house unannounced. He used a palette of paints to transform her painted smile into a grimace of fury.

Guimard eventually sold her property in 1786 through a lottery. This sale earned her the sum of 300,000 francs. She retired from the stage in 1789 and later married Jean-Étienne Despréaux. He was a dancer, songwriter, and playwright. Guimard's legacy remains preserved in various art forms. Her portrait is held in the Louvre Museum. Other drawings by Fragonard are kept at the Musée des Beaux-Arts et d'archéologie in Besançon. Even her furniture remains a subject of interest. In 2009, a bed designed by Ledoux for her was offered for sale. It was described by a gallery owner as the "high altar of the temple of love."