Kurnool

Kurnool is a big city in India.

It sits by the Tungabhadra River. Many people live there.

Long ago, people lived in this area. You can see very old rock art nearby.

Rain helps the land. Big rains wash away the top soil. This helps people find diamonds!

Trains stop at the city station.

It is a very special place to see.

Kurnool is a big city in Andhra Pradesh, India.

It sits on the banks of the Tungabhadra River. The Hundri and Neeva rivers also flow through the city. Kurnool is the fifth largest city in its state. Over 425,000 people live there.

This place has a very long history. People lived in this area for thousands of years. You can find old rock paintings nearby. Some art is very old. It may be 35,000 to 40,000 years old!

In the 16th century, a fort was built. It is called the Konda Reddy Fort.

The land around the city is special too. After monsoon rains wash away the top soil, people can find diamonds. The city also has many minerals like iron ore and limestone.

Many people travel to Kurnool by train.

The Kurnool City railway station is a major stop. It sits on the line between Bengaluru and Hyderabad.

Kurnool is a busy city in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India.

It sits on the banks of the Tungabhadra River. The Hundri and Neeva rivers also flow through the city. Many people call it "The Gateway of Rayalaseema." It is the fifth most populous city in its state. About 425,214 people lived there according to the 2011 census. The city is also the headquarters for the Kurnool district.

The land here has many interesting features. After the monsoon rains wash away the top layers of soil, people can find diamonds in the barren land. The area is also rich in other minerals. These include iron ore, dolomite, limestone, ochre, quartz, and silica. The climate is tropical, which means it can be quite hot. August and September are usually the rainiest months. The city is also known for having clean air.

Kurnool has a history that goes back thousands of years. In the Jurreru Valley, there is rock art that may be 35,000 to 40,000 years old. You can also find Ashoka's rock edicts near the Andhra-Karnataka border.

These are some of the oldest inscriptions in India. Centuries ago, Jain and Buddhist monks lived in the Belum Caves. Scientists found very old vessels in those caves from 4500 BC.

Modern Kurnool began to take shape in the 16th century. King Achyuta Raya helped build the Konda Reddy Fort during that time.

Later, the land was ruled by different groups like the Mughals and the Nawabs. The British Government took control of the area in 1839. Between 1953 and 1956, Kurnool served as the capital of Andhra State. It was a very important place for the government during those years.

Today, Kurnool is a major place for travel and learning. It is a hub for many big highways.

The Kurnool City railway station is a large stop on the line between Bengaluru and Hyderabad. Many students go to places like Osmania College or Kurnool Medical College. Most people in the city speak Telugu. Some people also speak Urdu and Hindi. It is a place where many different paths meet.

Kurnool is a significant city located in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. It sits on the southern banks of the Tungabhadra River. The Hundri and Neeva rivers also flow through the city area. Many people call Kurnool "The Gateway of Rayalaseema." It serves as the district headquarters for the Kurnool district. According to the 2011 census, it is the fifth most populous city in Andhra Pradesh. The city had a population of 425,214 people at that time.

The city's name has deep historical roots. Historical records list the original name as Kandanavōlu or Kandanōlu. The city used to be a crossing point on the Tungabhadra River. It is believed that bullock cart caravans used this spot. They would grease their wheels here, which relates to the word "kandana." This connection to travel and trade helped the city grow over time.

Kurnool has a history that stretches back thousands of years. In the Jurreru Valley, there is rock art and paintings. These may date from 35,000 to 40,000 years ago. Near the Andhra-Karnataka border, you can find Ashoka's rock edicts.

These inscriptions were made in the 3rd century BCE. They use the Prakrit language and the Brahmi script. These are among the oldest discovered inscriptions in India.

The Belum Caves are another important historical site in the district. These caves are geologically and historically significant. Evidence suggests that Jain and Buddhist monks lived there centuries ago. Many Buddhist relics were found inside these caves. The Archaeological Survey of India found artifacts from the pre-Buddhist era. Some of these vessels date back to 4500 BC. These relics are now kept in a museum in Ananthapur.

Modern Kurnool began to develop in the 16th century CE. King Achyuta Raya of the Vijayanagar dynasty built the Kurnool Fort then.

This fort is also known as Kondareddy Buruju. It is a major tourist attraction located in the northeast part of the city. Later, the region saw many different rulers. The Mughals had influence here in 1686. Eventually, the Nawabs ruled until the British Government took over in 1839.

The transition to British rule involved conflict. Ghulam Rasul Khan Bahadur was the last Nawab of Kurnool. He ruled from 1823 until 1839. The East India Company defeated his kingdom during that time. A war broke out between the British Indian Army and the kingdom on 12 October 1839. The fighting lasted for six days. The king was detained on 18 October 1839 and sent to prison.

Kurnool held a very important political role in the 20th century. It served as the capital of Andhra State from 1953 to 1956. On 1 November 1956, the state merged with other districts. This created the modern state of Andhra Pradesh. Hyderabad became the new capital after this merger. Kurnool remains a vital part of the divided Andhra Pradesh state today.

The local environment and economy are quite unique. The city has a tropical savanna climate. It is often hot and semi-arid. The Nallamala hills to the east influence the local weather.

Kurnool is also famous for diamond hunting. After monsoon rains wash away top soil layers, diamonds can appear in the barren land. The city's economy is supported by many minerals. These include iron ore, dolomite, limestone, ochre, quartz, and silica. The city's GDP is $3.266 billion.