Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
🏛️

Kanhoji Angre

history Maturity 11-13 death dying war conflict Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: death_dying, war_conflict. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

Kanhoji Angre was a powerful admiral of the Maratha Navy.

Sarkhel Kanhoji Angre
Sarkhel Kanhoji Angre

He lived from August 1669 until July 1729. As a naval leader, he controlled much of the western coast of India. He is often called the most skilled Indian navy chief in maritime history. His leadership changed how European traders interacted with the Indian Ocean. He was a master of sea warfare and coastal defense.

Angre's naval power relied on a sophisticated system of ships and bases.

Maratha ships scroll
Maratha ships scroll

His fleet included ten large warships known as grabs. These vessels could weigh up to 400 tons. He also commanded fifty smaller boats called gallivats. These boats were lighter, weighing less than 120 tons. Gallivats were propelled by forty to fifty oars. They were often armed with light swivel guns or small cannons.

He also utilized a ship type called the Pal. The Pal was a three-masted vessel armed with cannons.

Sindhudurg Fort West wall
Sindhudurg Fort West wall

To build these ships, Angre encouraged the growth of teak trees. Teak wood was essential for making durable vessels. He built specialized shipbuilding factories at several locations. These included Kolaba fort, Sakharkhadi, Suvarnadurg, and Vijaydurg. This ensured his navy always had high-quality materials for repairs and construction.

Angre established several strategic naval bases along the Konkan coast.

Konkan Districts
Konkan Districts

One of his primary bases was Vijayadurg, also known as Victory Fort. This fort had a special entrance hollowed out for ships. He also used the fortified islands of Kolaba near Alibaug. He built coastal fortifications at many creeks and harbors. These included Bankot, Anjanvel, Jaygad, and Sindhudurg. These bases allowed him to monitor and control maritime traffic.

His career began with a display of great courage and loyalty. At age 18, he took control of Suvarnadurg Fort. He did this after the fort commander tried to defect. This act impressed the Maratha ruler, Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj. Later, Angre became the Sarkhel, or Admiral, of the Maratha fleet. He eventually swore allegiance to the ruler Chhatrapati Shahu. This partnership helped him develop even more naval facilities.

Angre's actions often caused conflict with European powers.

A British-Portuguese-Indian naval force attacks the fort of Geriah, 1756
A British-Portuguese-Indian naval force attacks the fort of Geriah, 1756

He captured many East Indiamen, which were large merchant ships. He collected a tax called jakat from these vessels. Europeans often viewed this as a way to ransom their crews. He also collected a levy known as Chouth. These activities made the British, Dutch, and Portuguese very unhappy. Despite their attempts to stop him, he remained a dominant force.

His navy was a diverse group of people from many backgrounds.

Seal of Sarkhel Kanhoji Angre I
Seal of Sarkhel Kanhoji Angre I

The crews included indigenous seafaring communities like the Koli, Bhandari, and Kharvi. He also employed Muslim staff members. Because many sailors were illiterate, he hired Europeans to command certain vessels. He even hired a Jamaican pirate named James Plantain as a chief gunner. This diversity helped his navy function with high levels of skill.

Kanhoji Angre's legacy is tied to his ability to defend Maratha interests.

Kanhoji Angre Samadhi - कान्होजी आंग्रे समाधी 1
Kanhoji Angre Samadhi - कान्होजी आंग्रे समाधी 1

He managed a massive territory from Sawantwadi to Mumbai. He even issued his own silver currency called the Alibagi rupaiya. His ability to negotiate and fight made him a central figure in Indian history. He successfully balanced diplomacy with military strength until his death in 1729.

526 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (8)
File:Sindhudurg Fort West wall.jpg
Sindhudurg Fort West wall.jpg
File:Maratha ships scroll.jpg
Maratha ships scroll.jpg
File:Konkan Districts.png
Konkan Districts.png
File:Sarkhel Kanhoji Angre.jpg
Sarkhel Kanhoji Angre.jpg
File:A British-Portuguese-Indian naval force attacks the fort of Geriah, 1756.jpg
A British-Portuguese-Indian naval force...
File:Seal of Kanhoji Angre.jpeg
Seal of Kanhoji Angre.jpeg
File:Seal of Sarkhel Kanhoji Angre I.jpg
Seal of Sarkhel Kanhoji Angre I.jpg
File:Kanhoji Angre Samadhi - कान्होजी आंग्रे समाधी 1.JPG
Kanhoji Angre Samadhi - कान्होजी आंग्रे...
More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.