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Ismail Ibn Sharif

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Moulay Ismail Ibn Sharif was a powerful Sultan of Morocco who ruled from 1672 to 1727.

Mouley Ismaïl
Mouley Ismaïl

He was the second major ruler of the 'Alawi dynasty. This dynasty began with his father, Moulay Sharif, who ruled the Tafilalt region. Ismail was the seventh son of his father. His reign lasted for fifty-five years. This is the longest period any sultan has ruled Morocco.

Alaouite dynasty of Morocco-en
Alaouite dynasty of Morocco-en

His rule changed the strength of the Moroccan state. He moved the capital to Meknes to take advantage of the climate and water.

Royal Palace, Meknes
Royal Palace, Meknes

Ismail built his power through a very organized military system. He created a strong central government that did not rely on local tribes. Tribes often rebelled against the central authority in Morocco. To prevent this, Ismail relied on two specific groups. One group was known as the 'Guichs. The other was the Black Guard, or Abid al-Bukhari. These were black slaves who were totally devoted to the Sultan. This military structure allowed him to control large areas of the country.

Mouley Ismaïl
Mouley Ismaïl

His time as ruler involved many difficult conflicts and wars.

Maroc en 1660
Maroc en 1660

Early in his reign, he fought his nephew, Moulay Ahmed ben Mehrez. Ahmed also claimed the throne and caused much unrest. Ismail also fought the Ottoman Regency of Algiers. In 1692, he tried to expand his territory toward Tlemcen at the Battle of Moulouya. He also attempted to capture Oran, which was under Spanish rule. During the Maghrebi War, he successfully conquered the Western Beylik. He even looted the palace of the Bey during this conflict.

Medina of Marrakech (Nov. 2008)
Medina of Marrakech (Nov. 2008)

Ismail was also very active in maritime affairs and diplomacy. He expelled Europeans from several important ports. These ports included Larache, Asilah, Mehdya, and Tangier.

Tangier under English rule, 1680
Tangier under English rule, 1680

He controlled a fleet of corsairs based at Salé-le-Vieux and Salé-le-Neuf. These ships raided the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. They brought back weapons and Christian slaves. Despite these raids, Ismail established formal diplomatic relations with many nations. He worked with the Kingdom of France, Great Britain, and Spain. He even signed a peace treaty with the Dutch Republic in 1682.

وثيقة اتفاقية السلام
وثيقة اتفاقية السلام

As a builder, Ismail left a massive physical legacy in Morocco. He transformed Meknes into a grand imperial capital. He built an enormous citadel and a massive palace complex. This complex sat next to the old city of Meknes. It included grand residences, beautiful gardens, and large mosques.

Meknès - Estany de l'Aguedal
Meknès - Estany de l'Aguedal

He also constructed more than forty kilometers of defensive walls.

TAROUDANNT defensive wall (js)
TAROUDANNT defensive wall (js)

His construction projects showed the immense wealth and authority of his reign.

Bab El-Khemis
Bab El-Khemis

History remembers Ismail through different names and descriptions. In Morocco, people called him the "Warrior King." This reflected his many military successes. However, Europeans called him the "bloody king." They used this name because of his extreme cruelty. He often used summary justice against his Christian slaves. He was also a man of massive biological scale. He had a harem of over 500 women. He had more than 800 confirmed biological children.

Mausoleum of Moulay Ismail
Mausoleum of Moulay Ismail

Ismail's death marked a major shift in Moroccan politics. He died after falling ill. His passing left a vacuum of power. His supporters had become so strong during his reign that they gained immense influence. They were able to control the country after he died. They could enthrone or dethrone future sultans at their own will. This changed how the 'Alawi dynasty functioned for years to come.

Mausoleum of Moulay Ismail
Mausoleum of Moulay Ismail
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🖼️ Images & Media (21)
File:Tafilalet tinghreras est.jpg
Tafilalet tinghreras est.jpg
File:Cherif Muley-Arxid.png
Cherif Muley-Arxid.png
File:Maroc en 1660.png
Maroc en 1660.png
File:Mouley-Ismaël, roi du Maroc (cropped).jpg
Mouley-Ismaël, roi du Maroc (cropped).jpg
File:Medina of Marrakech (Nov. 2008).jpg
Medina of Marrakech (Nov. 2008).jpg
File:saghro.jpeg
saghro.jpeg
File:Tangier under English rule, 1680.jpg
Tangier under English rule, 1680.jpg
File:TAROUDANNT defensive wall (js).jpg
TAROUDANNT defensive wall (js).jpg
File:Estelle-échevin.jpg
Estelle-échevin.jpg
File:ReceptionOfLouisXIVsAmbassadorToSultan.jpg
ReceptionOfLouisXIVsAmbassadorToSultan.jpg
File:Alaouite dynasty of Morocco-en.svg
Alaouite dynasty of Morocco-en.svg
File:Mausoleum of Moulay Ismail.jpg
Mausoleum of Moulay Ismail.jpg

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