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Helen Hayes

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Helen Hayes MacArthur was a legendary American actress.

What Every Woman Knows 1934
What Every Woman Knows 1934

She was often called the "First Lady of American Theatre." This title reflected her immense respect within the performing arts. Hayes achieved many historic milestones in her profession. She was the first woman to win an EGOT. This acronym represents winning an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar, and a Tony Award. She was also the first person to win the Triple Crown of Acting. In 1986, President Ronald Reagan presented her with the Presidential Medal of Freedom. This is the highest civilian honor in the United States. In 1988, she received the National Medal of Arts.

Her career was remarkably long, spanning 82 years.

Hayes began her journey as a five-year-old singer. She performed at the Belasco Theatre in Washington, D.C. By age 10, she appeared in a silent film titled "Jean and the Calico Doll." Her transition to sound films led to major success. She won an Academy Award for Best Actress for "The Sin of Madelon Claudet." Later, she won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the 1970 film "Airport." Despite her film success, Hayes often preferred the live stage. She returned to Broadway in 1935 to play the title role in "Victoria Regina."

Hayes's life was marked by both professional triumphs and personal challenges. She experienced a period where she suspended her acting career. This pause occurred due to her daughter Mary's death and her husband's declining health. Mary was an aspiring actress who died from polio in 1949. Hayes eventually made a significant comeback with the film "Anastasia" in 1956. Her ability to return to the spotlight showed great resilience. She continued to work in various roles, including appearances in Disney films. She even appeared in television shows like "Hawaii Five-O" and "The Love Boat" with her adopted son, James MacArthur.

SHAKESPEARE CENTER DEDICATION HELEN HAYES 4 small
SHAKESPEARE CENTER DEDICATION HELEN HAYES 4 small

Beyond the stage, Hayes was a dedicated philanthropist. She was most proud of her 49-year association with the Helen Hayes Hospital. This non-profit rehabilitative center is located in West Haverstraw, New York. It focuses on helping people with disabilities. Hayes stated that this work gave her more satisfaction than seeing her name on Broadway billboards. In 1982, she co-founded the National Wildflower Research Center in Austin, Texas. This organization, now the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, protects North America's native plants. She also spent her later years raising money for asthma research and support.

Her influence on the theatrical world is preserved through various honors.

Helen Hayes and young patient at Helen Hayes Hospital 1945
Helen Hayes and young patient at Helen Hayes Hospital 1945

The Helen Hayes Awards honor professional theatre excellence in the Washington, D.C. area. In New York City, the Little Theatre was renamed the Helen Hayes Theatre in 1983. This happened after the original Fulton Theatre, which had been named for her, was demolished. Hayes even gave her consent for the demolition of that theater to help build a hotel. She also dedicated the Shakespeare Center in Manhattan in 1982. Her legacy is visible on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, where she has a star.

Hayes was a woman of many interests and convictions. She was a Catholic and a Republican. She attended several Republican National Conventions, including the 1988 meeting in New Orleans. In 1972, she published a book titled "Twice Over Lightly." This was a collaboration with her friend Anita Loos. The book resulted from their shared exploration of New York City's five boroughs. They visited libraries, markets, and even observed tugboats. This project showed her curiosity about how everyday people lived their lives.

In her final years, health challenges changed her lifestyle. Stage dust aggravated her asthma, which forced her to retire from the theater in 1971. She was 71 years old at the time of her retirement. She spent her remaining time writing three memoirs. These books were titled "A Gift of Joy," "On Reflection," and "My Life in Three Acts." She passed away on March 17, 1993. Helen Hayes remains a symbol of artistic excellence and compassionate service. Her life connected the worlds of high art and meaningful community support.

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File:Helen Hayes Brown and John Drew in a scene from The Prodigal Husband.jpg
Helen Hayes Brown and John Drew in a...
File:What Every Woman Knows 1934.JPG
What Every Woman Knows 1934.JPG
File:SHAKESPEARE CENTER DEDICATION HELEN HAYES 4 small.jpg
SHAKESPEARE CENTER DEDICATION HELEN HAYES...
File:Helen Hayes and young patient at Helen Hayes Hospital 1945.jpg
Helen Hayes and young patient at Helen...
File:Helen Hayes MacArthur on the grounds of Helen Hayes Hospital in the 1950s.jpg
Helen Hayes MacArthur on the grounds of...
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