Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
📖

Gouverneur Morris

society Maturity 11-13 evolution death dying politics Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: evolution, death_dying, politics. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

Gouverneur Morris was a major statesman and a Founding Father of the United States.

Gouverneur Morris Portrait Alonzo Chappel circa 1850-60s
Gouverneur Morris Portrait Alonzo Chappel circa 1850-60s

He is best known as the "Penman of the Constitution." This nickname comes from his work writing the final version of the nation's highest law. Morris helped shape how the United States would function as a single union. He believed that the states should act together as one country. This was a very important idea during the early years of the nation.

Constitution We the People
Constitution We the People

Morris was born on January 31, 1752, in New York. He grew up on a wealthy family estate called Morrisania. This land is located in what is now the Bronx. His family was very influential in law and politics. His father, Lewis Morris, was a judge and a landowner. Morris was a gifted student and entered King's College at age 12. He graduated in 1768 and later studied law. He became a member of the bar in 1775.

The Great north side, or, Borough of the Bronx, New York (1897) (14578228560)
The Great north side, or, Borough of the Bronx, New York (1897) (14578228560)

During the American Revolution, Morris served in the Continental Congress. He joined the Congress in January 1778. During this time, he visited the army at Valley Forge. He saw that the soldiers faced very difficult living conditions. Morris became a spokesman for the army in Congress. He helped improve their training, methods, and financing. In 1778, he became the youngest person to sign the Articles of Confederation. He also cast a vital tie-breaking vote to keep George Washington as the Commander-in-Chief.

Foundation of the American Government by Henry Hintermeister
Foundation of the American Government by Henry Hintermeister

In 1787, Morris attended the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. He represented the state of Pennsylvania at this meeting. He was a strong supporter of a powerful central government. Morris was elected to the Committee of Style and Arrangement. This committee had five members and was responsible for the final draft.

RobertAndGouverneurMorris
RobertAndGouverneurMorris

Morris is credited with writing the Preamble to the Constitution. He changed the words from "We, the People of the States" to "We, the People of the United States." This change helped emphasize the idea of a single national union.

Morris also held very strong views on human rights. He was one of the few delegates to speak openly against slavery. In August 1787, he argued that a person could not be both a human and property. He believed the Constitution should protect the rights of all people. However, Morris also held some views that were not shared by everyone. He believed that certain people were better suited for government than others. He feared that people in the western wilderness would not be as enlightened as those on the Atlantic coast.

From 1792 to 1794, Morris served as the Minister Plenipotentiary to France. A minister plenipotentiary is a high-ranking diplomat with full power to represent their country. He was in France during the French Revolution. His diaries from this time are important historical records. He witnessed the many changes and the violence of that era. Unlike some other Americans, Morris was critical of the revolution. He was also sympathetic to the deposed Queen Marie Antoinette.

Gouverneur Morris 1789
Gouverneur Morris 1789

After returning to the United States, Morris served in the U.S. Senate from 1800 to 1803. He was a member of the Federalist Party. Later in life, he helped with important building projects in New York. He served as the chairman of the Erie Canal Commission. He also helped create the Commissioners' Plan of 1811. This plan established the street grid used in New York City today.

WLA nyhistorical Wooden leg of Gouvernour Morris
WLA nyhistorical Wooden leg of Gouvernour Morris

In 1880, a carriage accident caused him to lose his leg below the knee. He used a wooden leg for the rest of his life until he died on November 6, 1816.

596 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (8)
File:Coat of Arms of Lewis Morris.svg
Coat of Arms of Lewis Morris.svg
File:Gouverneur Morris Portrait Alonzo Chappel circa 1850-60s.png
Gouverneur Morris Portrait Alonzo Chappel...
File:WLA nyhistorical Wooden leg of Gouvernour Morris.jpg
WLA nyhistorical Wooden leg of Gouvernour...
File:RobertAndGouverneurMorris.jpg
RobertAndGouverneurMorris.jpg
File:Constitution We the People.jpg
Constitution We the People.jpg
File:Foundation of the American Government by Henry Hintermeister.jpg
Foundation of the American Government by...
File:Gouverneur Morris 1789.jpg
Gouverneur Morris 1789.jpg
File:The Great north side, or, Borough of the Bronx, New York (1897) (14578228560).jpg
The Great north side, or, Borough of the...
More to explore

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.